A Study of Tricresyl Phosphate as an Additive for Boundary Lubrication

Bieber, Herman; Klaus, E. E.; Tewksbury, E. J.

doi:10.1080/05698196808972218

Cited by 64 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although they possess some undesirable properties such as hydrolytic degradation [16] and neurotoxicity [17], these compounds have widespread acceptance in industry due to their thermal stability, high ignition temperature, low heat of combustion, and ability to form protective boundary layer films [18]. Most of the tribological studies of phosphate esters have been performed on steel surfaces.…”

Section: Reactions and Influence Of Alkyl Phosphatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ethyl acetate and alkyl phosphate adsorption on the frictional properties of VC(100)

et al. 2005

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This report presents ultrahigh vacuum measurements of the frictional properties of the non-polar (100) surface of vanadium carbide (VC) as a function of the room temperature uptake and reaction of ethyl acetate, triethyl phosphate, and trimethyl phosphate. Atomic force microscopy, employing a silicon nitride probe tip, has been used to determine the changes in friction and interfacial adhesion as a function of adsorbate uptake. Changes in surface morphology have been monitored with scanning tunneling microscopy while the composition of the surface species formed through the reaction of these adsorbates with the VC surface has been determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Adsorption and reaction of ethyl acetate leads to an increase in friction with little change in interfacial adhesion. The adsorption and reaction of triethyl phosphate and trimethyl phosphate have no influence on either the friction or adhesion properties of VC. The observed results are discussed in terms of the surface chemical composition, the extent of surface coverage, and the molecular details of the adsorbed species.

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Section: Reactions and Influence Of Alkyl Phosphatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ethyl acetate and alkyl phosphate adsorption on the frictional properties of VC(100)

et al. 2005

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“…Early research into TCP was also focused on the effect of the concentration of TCP in base stocks on its anti-wear properties [3][4][5]. Since the 1980s, further properties of TCP have been explored including the adsorption/desorption mechanisms and thermal effect [2,6], surface treatment with phosphate esters for wear reduction [7,8] and the importance of corrosive wear when TCP is present [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of contact conditions on surface reaction layers formed between steel surfaces lubricated by an aviation oil

Wang

Wood

2007

Tribology International

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This study focuses on the influence of load and temperature on the formation and stability of tribo-films for bearing steel on bearing steel contacts lubricated with an aviation oil, EXXON Turbo 2380 (TCP based -tricresyl phosphate) at ambient temperatures. Experiments were carried out on a pin-on-disc (POD) tribometer (with a ball-on-flat geometry) under an average loading rate of 0.17 N s À1 and sliding speed of 3 m s À1. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis on the worn surfaces of ball and disc shows that a tribo-film forms on both surfaces at room temperature. The formation and removal of the tribo-film are faster on the ball due to the nature of contact between the ball and disc. It was found that the tribo-films formed at room temperature are vulnerable to initial disc temperature. The higher the initial temperature the higher the load carrying capacity. The tribo-film growth and contact deterioration have been monitored by acoustic emission (AE) and electrostatic charge (ESP) sensing systems in real time. The results show that both AE and ESP can detect the tribo-film and contact breakdown and have great potential for on-line condition monitoring of lubricated tribo-contacts. r

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“…A few investigations of insect phospholipases, that are not constituents of venoms, have been reported. Khan and Hodgson (1967) reported the presence of phospholipase A-and B-type activity in the housefly, Musca domestica, and in the blowfly, Phormia regina, and Bieber et al (1968) and Hildenbrandt et al (1969) reported that a microsomal fraction obtained from housefly larvae rapidly converted phospholipids into the respective glycerophosphoryl bases. Phospholipases occur in Culex larvae (Rao and Subrahmanyam, 1969a,b), and phosphatidate hydrolase is present in Cecropia fat body (Hirano and Gilbert, 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Deacylation of phospholipids and acylation and deacylation of lysophospholipids containing ethanolamine, choline, and β-methylcholine by microsomes from housefly larvae

Kumar¹,

Millay²,

Bieber³

1970

Biochemistry

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A microsomal preparation (40,oo(r90,000g sediment) obtained from housefly larvae converts exogenous phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidyl-P-methylcholine into the respective glycerophosphorylbases. The pH optimum is near 8.0, and the overall conversion is stimulated by 2.5 mM lauryl sulfate and is inhibited by Ca2+. Ca2+ primarily inhibits production of lysophospholipids. The combination of 1 mM HgC12 and 2.5 mM lauryl sulfate or 5 mM deoxycholate greatly stimulates the rate of production of the lysophospholipids but inhibits glycerophosphoryl base formation from diacyl glycerophosphatides. In contrast, the combination of low concentrations of lauryl sulfate or deoxycholate and HgClz inhibits lysophospholipid formation. The 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl bases accumulate in the reaction media and are also deacylated by larval microsomes. Ca2+ and lauryl sulfate stimulate cleavage of fatty acids from 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine and 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine. The data are consistent with the occurrence of phospholipase AI (EC 3.1.1.4)

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A Study of Tricresyl Phosphate as an Additive for Boundary Lubrication

Cited by 64 publications

References 5 publications

Influence of ethyl acetate and alkyl phosphate adsorption on the frictional properties of VC(100)

Influence of ethyl acetate and alkyl phosphate adsorption on the frictional properties of VC(100)

The influence of contact conditions on surface reaction layers formed between steel surfaces lubricated by an aviation oil

Deacylation of phospholipids and acylation and deacylation of lysophospholipids containing ethanolamine, choline, and β-methylcholine by microsomes from housefly larvae

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