A Study of UWB FM-CW Radar for the Detection of Human Beings in Motion Inside a Building

Maaref, Nadia; Millot, Patrick; Pichot, Ch.; Picon, Odile

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2008.2010709

Cited by 104 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This paper describes two analytical techniques such as the method of general solutions of wave equations using boundary conditions and the impedance transformation method (or the method of transmission line analogy) to study the propagation behaviors of some commonly used building wall materials: concrete and brick. Similar wall modeling has been reported in the literature [1] but by using a different approach. Several measurement techniques used to characterize the typical building materials such as brick, concrete, glass, plasterboard, plywood, wood etc.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…In this method every layer is considered as a transmission line equivalent and the complete layered medium is considered as a cascaded transmission line. Considering the twointerface, three layer medium [ Fig.2], medium-1 is analogous to a transmission line of characteristic impedance z 1 and is terminated at the load i.e. medium-3 of characteristic impedance z 3 by means of another transmission line i.e.…”

Section: Impedance Transformation Methods (Or Methods Of Transmissiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of RF Propagation Losses in Homogeneous Brick and Concrete Walls using Analytical Frequency Dependent Models

Sahu¹

2014

IOSRJECE

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: The prediction of wall losses is a fundamental aspect in the development of ultra-wideband through-the-wall (TTW) detection systems. Accurate ultra-wideband signal attenuation prediction has always been very difficult due to a broad variety of building materials without the support of a sophisticated model. In this paper, the attenuation of different types of concrete and brick walls are estimated using the electromagnetic characteristics of building materials for frequencies from 1 to 5 GHz by two theoretical models based on the method of general solutions of wave equations using boundary conditions and the impedance transformation method or the method of transmission line analogy. This estimation will enable in the design of any ultra wideband through-the wall radar system.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Impedance Transformation Methods (Or Methods Of Transmissiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of RF Propagation Losses in Homogeneous Brick and Concrete Walls using Analytical Frequency Dependent Models

Sahu¹

2014

IOSRJECE

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“…In this latter application, various clutter cancellation techniques have been applied for observing human targets with some movement, e.g., [9], [22], and [23]. The techniques are based on forming some difference between subsequent recordings of a target scene, in order to eliminate nonmoving clutter [moving target indicator (MTI) filtering].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Detection of Moving Targets Behind Corners

Sume

Gustafsson

Herberthson

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

102

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Abstract-Detection of moving objects concealed behind a concrete wall corner has been demonstrated, using Doppler-based techniques with a stepped-frequency radar centered at 10 GHz, in a reduced-scale model of a street scenario. Micro-Doppler signatures have been traced in the return from a human target, both for walking and for breathing. Separate material measurements of the reflection and transmission of the concrete in the wall have showed that wall reflections are the dominating wave propagation mechanism for producing target detections, while wave components transmitted through the walls could be neglected. Weaker detections have been made of target returns via diffraction in the wall corner. A simple and fast algorithm for the detection and generation of detection tracks in down range has been developed, based on moving target indication technique.

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“…The relationship in Equation (6) can be used to easily synthesize virtual arrays. If each real element is treated as a "1" and each empty position is a "0" spaced out by a constant length, then different uniform linear arrays can easily be constructed.…”

Section: Basic Theory Of Virtual Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, waveforms used for through-the-wall detection and imaging include both classical (such as short pulse or impulse, and linear or stepped frequency-modulated) and sophisticated (such as noise or noise-like, chaotic, and M-sequence phase coded) approaches [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Each of these waveforms has its own advantages and limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Through-Wall Single and Multiple Target Imaging Using MIMO Radar

2017

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Abstract:The ability to perform target detection through walls and barriers is important for law enforcement, homeland security, and search and rescue teams. Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar provides an improvement over traditional phased array radars for through-wall imaging. By transmitting independent waveforms from a transmit array to a receive array, an effective virtual array is created. This array has improved degrees of freedom over phased arrays and mono-static MIMO systems. This virtual array allows us to achieve the same effective aperture length as a phased array with a lower number of elements because the virtual array can be described as the convolution of transmit and receive array positions. In addition, data from multiple walls of the same room can be used to collect target information. If two walls are perpendicular to each other and the geometry of transmit and receive arrays is known, then data can be processed independently of each other. Since the geometry of the arrays is known, a target scene can be created where the two data sets overlap. The overlapped scene can then be processed so that image artifacts that do not correlate between the data sets can be excised. The result gives improved target detection, reduction in false alarms, robustness to noise, and robustness against errors such as improperly aligned antennas. This paper explores MIMO radar techniques for target detection and localization behind building walls and addresses different mitigation techniques, such as a singular value decomposition of wavelet transform method to improve localization and detection of targets. Together, these techniques demonstrate methods that show a reduction in size and complexity of traditional through-wall radar systems while still providing accurate detection and localization. The use of the range migration algorithm in single and multi-target scenarios is shown to provide adequate imaging of through the wall targets in near and far field. Also, a multi-view algorithm is used to provide improved target detection and localization by fusing together multiple wall views.

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A Study of UWB FM-CW Radar for the Detection of Human Beings in Motion Inside a Building

Cited by 104 publications

References 5 publications

Study of RF Propagation Losses in Homogeneous Brick and Concrete Walls using Analytical Frequency Dependent Models

Study of RF Propagation Losses in Homogeneous Brick and Concrete Walls using Analytical Frequency Dependent Models

Radar Detection of Moving Targets Behind Corners

Through-Wall Single and Multiple Target Imaging Using MIMO Radar

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