A study of vertical cloud structure of the Indian summer monsoon using CloudSat data

Extratropical anticyclonic Rossby wave breaking and Indian summer monsoon failure

“…Here we are more concerned about the rainfall in JJA, during which Indian subcontinent gets maximum rainfall. This newly defined break period selection matches well with several earlier studies (Krishnan et al 2009;Rajeevan et al 2010Rajeevan et al , 2013Singh 2013). The defined excess and deficit/break episodes match well with India Meteorological Department (IMD) rain gauge observations.…”

Low-pressure systems and extreme precipitation in central India: sensitivity to temperature changes

“…The snow is mostly above 550 hPa, and there is a snow maximum around 78-84°E. These east-west cross sections compare well with the active period composite shown in Rajeevan et al (2013), where the longitude-height variation of the cloud and ice liquid water content is investigated. During the active period, which is when most of the LPS develop, there are positive anomalies of convective plumes across the central Indian continent.…”

Assessment of the Indian summer monsoon in the WRF regional climate model

“…ISM rainfall (ISMR) is important due to its impact on agrarian economies of countries like India (e.g., Gadgil 1996). The country receives more than 80 % of the annual rainfall during a short span of 4 months from June to September (e.g., Rajeevan et al 2013). Kripalani et al (2007) studied the ability of global climate models (GCMs) in simulating the ISMR and its variability and found several discrepancies in the simulation of regional precipitation.…”