A study on consistency of differences between cows in rumen outflow rate of fibrous particles and other substrates and consequences for digestibility and intake of roughages

Ørskov, E. R.; Ojwang, I.A.; Reid, Gavin

doi:10.1017/s000335610003703x

Cited by 59 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Particle retention time in ruminants is known to be a heritable trait (Orskov et al 1988;Smuts et al 1995) and may explain at least some of the CH 4 yield variation observed in sheep (Pinares-Patiño et al 2003). Recently, CH 4 yield in sheep in Australia has been directly correlated with the retention time of feed particles and liquid and with the total amount of feed particles and rumen volume (Goopy et al 2013), further supporting this view.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Methane yield phenotypes linked to differential gene expression in the sheep rumen microbiome

et al. 2014

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Ruminant livestock represent the single largest anthropogenic source of the potent greenhouse gas methane, which is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. While differences between individual animals of the same breed in the amount of methane produced have been observed, the basis for this variation remains to be elucidated. To explore the mechanistic basis of this methane production, we measured methane yields from 22 sheep, which revealed that methane yields are a reproducible, quantitative trait. Deep metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing demonstrated a similar abundance of methanogens and methanogenesis pathway genes in high and low methane emitters. However, transcription of methanogenesis pathway genes was substantially increased in sheep with high methane yields. These results identify a discrete set of rumen methanogens whose methanogenesis pathway transcription profiles correlate with methane yields and provide new targets for CH 4 mitigation at the levels of microbiota composition and transcriptional regulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Methane yield phenotypes linked to differential gene expression in the sheep rumen microbiome

et al. 2014

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“…DM disappearance values were the greatest at terminal incubation hours across plant species. Many authors (Orskov et al, 1988;Kabuga and Darko, 1993;Tesema et al, 2003;Lanyasunya et al, 2006;Vranic et al, 2009, andLebopa et al, 2011) confirmed the increasing trends of that ruminal degradation of DM as advances in incubation hours. The other possible reason could be condensed tannin concentration of the feed materials.…”

Section: In Sacco Ruminal Dry Matter Disappearancesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Chemical composition and in sacco ruminal degradation of tropical trees rich in condensed tannins

Belachew¹,

Kechero²,

Taye³

et al. 2013

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The study was aimed at determining the chemical composition, in sacco ruminal dry matter and organic matter degradability of leaves and fruits of tropical condensed tannin rich multipurpose tree species (MPTS). The MPTS studied were Ekebergia capenesis, Ficus sycomorus, Maesa lanceolata, and Rhus glutinosa. Chemical composition of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), non-fibre carbohydrates (NFC), and condensed tannin (CT) was determined. In sacco rumen degradability was measured using three rumen fistulated Holstein FriesianBoran cross steers at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The DM and organic matter (OM) degradability data were fitted to the equation Y = a + b(1 -e -ct ). The values for each chemical constituent ranged 5.43-11.49% (CA), 7.97-17.06% (CP), 1.57-31% (EE), 12.20-27.5% (CF), 5.84-39.30% (NFC), and 7.2-16.72% (CT). Ekebergia capensis leaves had the greatest values for slowly degradable fraction (b), effective degradability (ED), and rate of degradation (c) in DM (P < 0.001) whereas E. capensis fruit had significantly the greatest soluble fraction (a), potential degradability (b), and effective degradability (ED) values as compared to the a, PD, and ED values in the fruits of other plants(P < 0.001). Yet in OM degradation kinetics, the greatest and least values of potential degradability (PD) were recorded for F. sycomorus (89.89%) and E. capensis (55.90%) leaves (P < 0.001). Similar to the rapidly soluble fraction a, ED was found to be the greatest in fruits as compared to leaves of the plants (P < 0.001). Generally variation of plant parts led to significant differences in chemical composition, DM, and OM degradability and the degradable parameters. The leaves and fruits recorded more than 60% DM and OM degradability at 24 h, which implied that they were all greatly degradable in the rumen.

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“…Pinares-Patiño et al (2003a) reported that the rate of outflow of rumen digesta (FOR) was the most important factor involved in the variation of CH 4 emissions between animals when sheep were fed alfalfa hay and a similar effect appeared to occur in this study. Studies under controlled conditions, both with cattle (Hartnell and Satter 1979;Ørskov et al 1988) and with sheep (Hodgson and Thomas 1975;Faichney 1993), have shown consistent between-animal differences in FOR. If the relationship between CH 4 emission and FOR is confirmed in the longer term and FOR is under genetic control, it raises the possibility of selecting ruminants for reduced methane emission (Gibbs et al 1989).…”

Section: Digestibility Coefficient (%)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Methane emissions by Charolais cows grazing a monospecific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity

Pinares-Patiño¹,

Baumont²,

Martin³

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Pinares-Patiño, C. S., Baumont, R. and Martin, C. 2003. Methane emissions by Charolais cows grazing a monospecific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 769-777. In order to examine the relationship between herbage maturity and methane (CH 4 ) emission under conditions which minimized opportunities for selective grazing, six 8-yr-old, dry and early-pregnant Charolais cows [712 ± 22.7 kg liveweight (LW)] were grazed on a mono-specific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity: early vegetative, heading, flowering, and senescence. Daily CH 4 production was measured during 7 d using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) tracer-gas technique. Organic matter intake (OMI) was determined from fecal output estimated by Yb 2 O 3 dosing and feed digestibility (OMD) estimated using a fecal N index. The OMD (%) decreased (P < 0.05) from 77.6 at early vegetative to 56.2 at senescence, but no cow effect upon OMD was observed. The OMI (14.8 g kg -1 LW) and CH 4 production (273 g d -1 ) were higher (P < 0.05) at heading than at the other stages of maturity. The proportion of gross energy intake (GEI) lost in CH 4 did not differ with maturity (mean 6.4% of GEI). Cow effects upon OMI and CH 4 emission were significant (P < 0.05). CH 4 production (g d -1 ) was not related to diet chemical composition or OMD, but was correlated with digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake (kg d -1 ) (r = 0.61, P < 0.01). Across all stages of maturity between-cow variation explained 54 to 70% of the total variation in CH 4 production. (SF 6 ). La quantité de matière organique ingérée (MOI) était calculée à partir des flux de fèces estimés par dosage de Yb 2 O 3 , et de la digestibilité de la matière organique (MOD) estimée à partir de l'azote fécal. La MOD (%) diminuait (P < 0.05) de 77.6 pour le stade végétatif à 56.2 pour le stade sénescent, mais était comparable entre animaux. La MOI (14.8 g kg -1 PV) et la production de CH 4 (273 g j -1 ) étaient plus élevées (P < 0.05) au stade épiaison qu'aux autres stades. La perte d'énergie alimentaire sous forme de méthane, ne variait pas avec le stade de maturité (6.4% de l'énergie brute ingérée en moyenne). La MOI et les émissions de CH 4 variaient entre animaux (P < 0.05). La production de CH 4 (g j -1 ) n'é-tait pas reliée à la composition chimique de l'herbe ingérée ou MOD, mais était fortement corrélée à la quantité de NDF digestible ingérée (kg j -1 ) (r = 0.61, P < 0.01). Quel que soit le stade de maturité, la variabilité animale expliquait 54 à 70% de la variation totale des productions de CH 4 .Mots clés: Méthane, bovin, variabilité animale, fléole, phénologie, pâturage sélectif Rumen methanogenesis represents a loss of between 2 to 12% of the gross energy intake (Johnson et al. 1993; Vermorel 1997) and the considerable research carried out during the 1960s and 1970s, aiming to increase feed efficiency, did not yield CH 4 mitigation technology. During the past few years, however, a renewed interest in controlling ruminant CH 4 production has been observed ...

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A study on consistency of differences between cows in rumen outflow rate of fibrous particles and other substrates and consequences for digestibility and intake of roughages

Cited by 59 publications

References 7 publications

Methane yield phenotypes linked to differential gene expression in the sheep rumen microbiome

Methane yield phenotypes linked to differential gene expression in the sheep rumen microbiome

Chemical composition and in sacco ruminal degradation of tropical trees rich in condensed tannins

Methane emissions by Charolais cows grazing a monospecific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity

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