A study on oxidative stress biomarkers and immunomodulatory effects of pesticides in pesticide-sprayers

Mecdad, Alaa A.; Ahmed, Manal H.; Elhalwagy, Manal E.A.; Afify, Mostafa M.

doi:10.1016/j.ejfs.2011.04.012

Cited by 69 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Knowing that GR is the key enzyme for the regeneration of reduced glutathione (GSH) from its oxidized form (GSSG), it is not surprising that a decrease in GR activity would be a challenge to the compensatory mechanism for replenishing the GSH concentration inside erythrocytes, which favors oxidative stress. Opposite results regarding GR activity after pesticide exposure have been described . However, few studies reported on GR activity in human populations exposed to pesticides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…By contrast, López et al observed reduced GR activity in pesticide applicator group (8.6 ± 1.8 mU/mL) relative to a control group (10.3 ± 1.3 mU/mL). In addition, Mecdad et al observed lower GR activity in sprayers exposed only to OP and carbamates compared to sprayers exposed to fungicide and the control group. However, Banerjee et al observed increased GR activity in plasma samples collected from humans exposed to pesticides as compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Opposite results regarding GR activity after pesticide exposure have been described. 36,41,42 However, few studies reported on GR activity in human populations exposed to pesticides. In this study, GR activities were not different between study groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative stress and genetic damage among workers exposed primarily to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides

Zepeda-Arce

Rojas-García

Benítez-Trinidad

et al. 2017

Environmental Toxicology

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The indiscriminate use of pesticides in agriculture and public health campaigns has been associated with an increase of oxidative stress and DNA damage, resulting in health outcomes. Some defense mechanisms against free radical-induced oxidative damage include the antioxidant enzyme systems. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and the relationship of antioxidant enzyme levels with DNA damage among sprayers (workers) occupationally exposed to pesticides. The determinations of MDA and antioxidant enzymes were performed spectrophotometrically. The genotoxic effects were evaluated using the comet assay. The results showed a marginally significant decrease in SOD and CAT activities in the high exposure group compared to the control group. For MDA, statistically significant differences were found among people working long term vs. those working temporarily (P = 0.02) as sprayers. In the moderate exposure group, a positive correlation was observed between MDA levels and GPx activity. In the high exposure group, a negative correlation was observed between GR and CAT activities, and between MDA levels and GPx activities. Furthermore, in the high exposure group, a positive correlation between DNA damage parameters and MDA levels was observed. The results suggest an important role of antioxidant enzymes for the protection of DNA damage caused by occupational exposure to pesticides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Oxidative stress and genetic damage among workers exposed primarily to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides

Zepeda-Arce

Rojas-García

Benítez-Trinidad

et al. 2017

Environmental Toxicology

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“…Eco-toxicity of pesticides has been reported to cyanobacteria [5]- [8], to fish [9] [10] and D magna [11]. Occupational exposure to pesticides has been reported in many countries for instance Egypt [12], Barazil [13], UK [14], Bangladesh [15], South Korea [16] and other countries. These reports dealt with knowledge, practices and attitudes of farmers but lacked investigation of biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Nahhal¹

2016

ODEM

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The study characterized the biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides. Practical parameters of pesticides were collected using 500 questionnaires. Farmers having 10 years working period were invited to a private clinic for blood sampling and enzyme analysis. All participants were male farmers of different age groups, and education levels. Occupational parameters indicated that majority of farmers used manual methods for pesticide works. About 130 pesticides are currently used in Gaza. Toxicological symptoms indicated that dizziness, headache, and nausea were dominant among farmers, whereas vomiting abdominal colic and tearing were less dominant. Acetyl Cholinesterase (ACHE) cumulatively inhibited among farmers after work whereas Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activities were above range after long term exposure. It can be concluded that long term exposure to pesticides may damage liver and kidney cells resulting in hepatic-toxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.

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“…The misuse and repeated application of pesticides increase their residues in foodstuffs (Caldas, Boon, & Tressou, 2006;Kaczyński, Rutkowska, Jankowska, & Hrynko, 2013); pesticide residues cause many adverse health effects in pesticide workers and consumers of contaminated foods (Azmi et al, 2009;Caldas et al, 2006;Mecdad, Ahmed, ElHalwagy, & Afify, 2011). The methyl tetrazolium (MTT), the neutral red incorporation (NRI), and the total cellular protein (TCP) content are three wellestablished assays that are used to estimate the cytotoxicity of xenobiotics (Babich & Borenfreund, 1990;Pelletier, Dhainaut, Pauly, & Zahnd, 1988;Plumb, Milroy, & Kaye, 1989) for being rapid, simple, and sensitive (Borenfreund, Babich, & MartinAlguacil, 1988;Borenfreund & Puerner, 1985;Isoda et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic effects of acephate, ethoprophos, and monocrotophos in CHO-K1 cells

Al‐Sarar

Bayoumi

Hussein

et al. 2015

CyTA - Journal of Food

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This work evaluates the cytotoxicity of acephate, ethoprophos, and monocrotophos in the Chinese hamster ovary cell line. The neutral red incorporation (NRI), total cellular protein (TCP) content, and methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays were followed to estimate the midpoint cytotoxicity values, NRI 50 , TCP 50, and MTT 50 , respectively. The targeted cells were exposed to the tested pesticides in the presence and absence of fetal calf serum. The effects of the sublethal concentration (NRI 25 ) on glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and total glutathione content have been evaluated. In addition, the ameliorative effects of extracellular reduced glutathione (GSH, 1 mM), vitamin C (70 µM), and vitamin E (30 µM) were investigated. The exposure period and protein content in the culture medium affected the cytotoxicity of the tested pesticides. Unexpectedly, acephate showed the least MTT 50 value, 56.6 µM. The tested antioxidants caused different and significant effects on the components of the glutathione redox cycle.Este proyecto evalúa la citotoxicidad del acefato, etoprofos y monocrotofos en la línea de la célula de ovarios del hámster chino (CHO-K1). Los ensayos de incorporación neutral roja (NRI), total de contenido proteínico celular (TCP) y tetrazolio metílico (MTT) fueron realizados para hacer una estimación del punto medio de los valores citotóxicos, NRI 50 , TCP 50 y MTT 50 , respectivamente. Las células objetivo fueron expuestas a los pesticidas examinados para encontrar la presencia y ausencia de suero fetal bovino. Fueron evaluados los efectos de la concentración subletal (NRI 25 ) en glutatión S-transferasa, glutatión reductasa, glutatión peroxidasa y contenido total de glutatión. Además, se investigaron los efectos paliativos del glutatión extracelular reducido (GSH, 1 mM), la Vitamina C (70 µM) y la Vitamina E (30 µM). El periodo de exposición y contenido proteínico en el medio de cultivo afectaron la citotoxicidad de los pesticidas examinados. Inesperadamente, el acefato mostró el menor valor MTT 50 , 56,6 µM. Los antioxidantes examinados causaron efectos distintos y significativos en los componentes del ciclo redox del glutatión.Palabras clave: Citotoxicidad; pesticidas organofosfóricos; células CHO-K1; Ciclo redox del glutatión

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A study on oxidative stress biomarkers and immunomodulatory effects of pesticides in pesticide-sprayers

Cited by 69 publications

References 38 publications

Oxidative stress and genetic damage among workers exposed primarily to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides

Oxidative stress and genetic damage among workers exposed primarily to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Cytotoxic effects of acephate, ethoprophos, and monocrotophos in CHO-K1 cells

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