A study on self-care practices and dietary barriers among type 2 diabetes patients attending outpatient department in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose and is recognized as an important cause of premature mortality and morbidity. Self-care practice in diabetes patient is a critical factor to achieve glycaemic control thus in preventing or delaying its complications.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 140 type 2 diabetic patients attending the outpatient department in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi during the period of June-July 2018. Diabetic patients diagnosed more than 3 months were included. Data was collected by interview method using pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire which consists of information on socio-demographic data, diabetic profile, self-care practices and dietary barriers. Statistical analysis was done using SSPS package.Results: This study showed that 67.9% of study participants were consuming diabetic diet, 17.1% practice exercise for more than 3 days a week, 93.6% were taking medication regularly, 15% practised foot care for >3times a week and 89.3% monitored their blood glucose regularly. The main barriers for dietary practices were lack of knowledge (24%) and lack of motivation (18%). Compliance to diabetic diet was more among the urban population compared to rural (p=0.025).Conclusions: Study concludes that the practice of self-care activities was poor in almost all aspects except for blood sugar monitoring and adherence to medication which necessitates the need to create awareness regarding self-care practices and its importance among diabetic patients.

A comparison of self-care activities and diabetes distress among type II diabetic patients in urban and rural field practice area: a cross-sectional study

“…Urban residents have better access to health care facilities easily than in rural. In study conducted by Rajasekharan et al, showed similar results, where 23% of the study participants did not check their blood sugar regularly 17. 43.6% of urban participants and 42.8% of rural participants avoided physical activity even after being told by physician about the importance of physical activity.…”

Barriers related to self-care management among people with diabetes mellitus- A narrative review

“…Pamungkas et al, conducted a study to find out barriers in self-care management of diabetic mellitus among people with poor glycaemic control in Indonesia wherein it was evidenced that some of the diabetics were less participatory in the diabetic mellitus self-practice program owing to absence of role model, conflict with family members and lack of support (24). In agreement to these finding Kavya and Bant reported that nearly 19% of the subjects under study reported lack of motivation as a major barrier in self-care practice (22).…”

“…Bant, 2019, Karnataka, India, (22) A cross sectional study carried out among 140 type 2 DM patients attending OPD of Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi.…”

Quality of Life and Self-care Activities Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Insulin

“…A study by Kavya and Bant 2019 stated that patients had lack of knowledge regarding diabetic diet and low motivation which acted as barriers for following a healthy diet. [32] The majority of patients reported avoiding fruits totally as they believed that it would raise their blood glucose levels drastically. Consumption of regular salad was also poor among participants and a high intake of carbohydrates was reported in the form of bread and biscuits instead of nuts or roasted chana.…”