“…Furthermore, there are quantitative limits to the ability of existing fee-funded old people's homes, serviced senior accommodations 1 , and adult day care facilities to respond to this increase. It is clear that, given anticipated future trends of population aging and the falling birthrate, an adequate response using existing relevant provisions will gradually become impossible, and the likely consequential increase in cases of in-home long-term care, and of older people providing long-term care for other older people 2 , is cause for concern. If this situation continues, the capacity for effective "long-term care" (the Japanese word "kaigo", hereafter in this report, "care") within the nuclear and wider family will increasingly continue to be tested.…”