A Study on the Airborne Particulates Matter in Selected Museums of Peninsular Malaysia

Hanapi, Norsyamimi; Din, Shamzani Affendy Mohd.

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.063

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…There have been many studies on the sources of PM and the danger posed by its pollution to different types of museum. Hanapi and Din (2012) measured the concentrations of PM in several museums in Malaysia and found that the mass concentration of PM exceeded the indoor air quality limit and the standard for total suspended particles and PM 10 in Malaysia, threatening both human health and the country's cultural heritage. Kontozova Deutsch et al (2008) found that the presence of tourists led to the accumulation of suspended PM inside some European churches and museums.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Deng

Jiang²,

Miao

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Air pollution is a serious threat to ancient sites and cultural relicts. In this study, we collected indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 samples and individual particles at the Exhibition Hall of Jinsha Site Museum in June 2020, and then the chemical components, sources, morphology, and mixing state of the fine particulate matter were analyzed. Our results show that the indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 concentrations at the Exhibition Hall were 33.3±6.6 and 39.4±11.4 μg m −3 , respectively. Although the indoor and outdoor concentrations of OC and EC were close, the proportion of secondary organic carbon in OC outdoor (33%) was higher than that indoor (27%). The PM 2.5 was alkaline both indoors and outdoors, and the outdoor alkalinity was stronger than the indoor alkalinity. SNA (SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , and NH 4 + ) was the dominant component in the water-soluble inorganic ions; Na + , Mg 2+ , and Ca 2+ were well correlated (R 2 > 0.9), and Cl − and K + were also highly correlated (R 2 > 0.8). Enrichment factor analysis showed that Cu (indoor) and Cd were the main anthropogenic elements and that Cd was heavily enriched. Principal components analysis showed that the main sources of PM 2.5 at Jinsha Site Museum were motor vehicles, dust, secondary sources, and combustion sources. The individual particles were classified as organic matter, S-rich, soot, mineral, and fly ash/metal particles, and most of these particles were internally mixed with each other. At last, we proposed pollution control measures to improve the air quality of museums and the preservation of cultural relicts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Deng

Jiang²,

Miao

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The acidic components, such as sulfate, nitrate, and other small molecular organic acids, react with mineral pigments in the painted layers during the process of spreading and sedimentation. Long-term accumulation will cause corrosion and damage to cultural relics in caves (Hanapia and Din, 2012;Ogura et al, 2021), and the carbon and acid components will also react with CaCO 3 to form a black or grey crust, which will further corrode the pigment layer (Ghedini et al, 2000;Sabbioni et al, 2003). The process of cleaning particles will cause further mechanical wear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations, sources, and influential factors of water-soluble ions of atmospheric particles in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, a world heritage site in China

Yang

et al. 2022

J. Arid Land

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Atmospheric particle pollution is one of the major factors leading to degradation of ancient wall paintings, particularly heritage sites in arid and semi-arid regions. However, current systematic research on the changes, sources, and influential factors of atmospheric particulate matter and its water-soluble ion concentrations is not sufficient. Thus, the major water-soluble ion concentrations, sources, and influential factors of atmospheric particles PM2.5 and PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter ≤2.5 and 10.0 μm, respectively, in ambient air) were collected from Cave 16 and its ambient exterior environment in the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, China, between April 2015 and March 2016. Results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 inside and outside the cave were the highest in March 2016 and the lowest in December 2015. The higher particle concentration from March to May was related to the frequent occurrence of sand and dust events, and the lower particle concentration from June to September was associated with good diffusion conditions, increased precipitation, and an established cave shelterbelt. The concentration of particulate matter inside the cave was affected by the concentration of particles in the air outside the cave. Ca 2+ , NH + 4 , Na + , Cl -, and SO 2-4 were the main components of the total ions of PM2.5 and PM10 both inside and outside the cave. The total ions inside the cave were frequently affected by the disturbance of tourists' activities during the peak tourist season from May to August. Under the influence of dust, the total concentrations of Cl -, SO 2-4 , Na + , NH + 4 , and Ca 2+ in particles of different sizes inside and outside the cave increased, and the concentrations of Cl -, SO 2-4 , Na + , and Ca 2+ decreased during precipitation period. Backward air mass trajectory analysis suggested that the pollutants were mainly from Xinjiang, China. The pollutant sources of air particulates are straw burning, secondary pollution sources, soil dust, dry spring rivers, and tourist activities.

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“…Thus, there is still a lack of study on the particulate matter contaminants in the museum, especially in Malaysia scenario. When discussing about particulate matter aspect, this knowledge seems to be new in Malaysia compared to Singapore, as they are focusing deeper on fine particulates effects and its contribution while Malaysia is still focusing on total suspended particulates [7]. Particulates pollution, especially fine particulates, contains microscopic solids or liquid droplets that are small enough to get deep into the lungs and cause serious health problems [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Indoor Air Quality in Refurbished Museum Building

et al. 2018

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Problem related with indoor air quality (IAQ), is rapidly becoming a major health issue as people spend almost 90% of their time indoors. Museums were established in Malaysia more than hundred years ago. Since the year 2005, Malaysia has been moving away from constructing new buildings in favour of refurbishing historic and old ones. A healthy environment at the museum building has been identified as one of the important element that must been considered, but it is not sure either IAQ in the museum building provide a good air quality or not. The purpose of this study is to determine the actual indoor environment of the museum building in Melaka. In this study, the IAQ measurement were conduct for six days at the Melaka Sultanate Palace Museum and at the History and Ethnography Museum. During the measurement, IAQ parameters of gaseous pollutant of nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, and particulate matter of fine particles were recorded by using specific IAQ equipment. The finding of this study indicates that the distance of buildings from roadways appears to have an impact on indoor environmental levels, especially for nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and particulate matter. Based on the results, only gaseous pollutant of sulfur dioxide had not exceeding the acceptable TLV compared to the other IAQ pollutants.

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A Study on the Airborne Particulates Matter in Selected Museums of Peninsular Malaysia

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Concentrations, sources, and influential factors of water-soluble ions of atmospheric particles in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, a world heritage site in China

A Study of Indoor Air Quality in Refurbished Museum Building

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