A study on the characteristics of mobile X-ray device using supercapacitor as internal power

Abstract

Mobile X-ray device is widely employed because it is useful for diagnosis in patients having mobility difficulties and in medical emergencies. As various devices for X-ray generation have continued to be developed, X-ray devices can now be used more safely and effectively. However, mobile X-ray devices generate relatively low X-ray doses due to the limitation of the power input. Therefore, the use of mobile X-ray devices is limited to thin parts of body. In this study, a new device was designed in order to increase the usefulness of mobile X-ray devices by offsetting the weaknesses of the existing mobile X-ray devices, rendering them useable independently. A supercapacitor and battery were used as the internal power source for the X-ray generation in the manufactured device. The pulse width modulation (PWM) method is applied to control the tube voltage and current required for generating the X-ray, and the pulse frequency modulation (PFM) method is applied to the control to generate the high voltage in order to enhance the precision and efficiency. The manufactured X-ray device was used to evaluate the control signal, frequency, and output characteristics according to changes in tube voltage and current. Based on the results of X-ray generation, it is confirmed that precise control was achieved by X-ray generation increases linearly with increasing tube voltage and tube current. This means that precise control of the manufactured mobile X-ray device is passible. In addition, the study confirmed that stable output was achieved by checking the tube voltage, tube current and exposure rate during the exposure times by high power condition.

Broadband Nonlinear Photonics in Few‐Layer Borophene

“…[ 25–27 ] Calculation results indicated that the borophene is a nanometer material, which is mechanically burly, soft, and tough, [ 28 ] highlighting the potential application in sensors, [ 29 ] DNA sequencing, [ 30 ] nanotechnologies, [ 31 ] Li‐ion and Na‐ion batteries, [ 32 ] and medical radiology. [ 33,34 ] Compared with prosperous developments of theoretical simulations, experimental progress of borophene was rare until recent years. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [ 35,36 ] and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) [ 37,38 ] have demonstrated growth of 2D borophene sheets.…”

Borophene as an emerging 2D flatland for biomedical applications: current challenges and future prospects

“…Mobile radiography is a common model of such appliances. 196 Likewise, borophene can even function as a supercapacitor with relevant attributes empowering potential portable tools. 197 By adjusting the potential on X-ray tubes, tuneable power can be used to produce X-rays via borophenebased devices for better diagnostics.…”

Borophene Is a Promising 2D Allotropic Material for Biomedical Devices

“…Borophene could increase the performances or prolong the lifecycles of biomedical devices, both in nano-strips and integrated with other metals. One example of a ready-to-use device is the portable radiograph [29]. X-rays are produced via a complex process requiring energy.…”