A study on the migration of organic pollutants from recycled paperboard packaging materials to solid food matrices

Triantafyllou, V.I.; Akrida‐Demertzi, K.; Demertzis, P. G.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.02.023

Cited by 134 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Tenax Ò (modified polyphenylene oxide) is the most commonly referred simulant and it is already foreseen in the European legislation for testing migration at high temperatures simulating fatty foods. The migration behaviour of components from paper into Tenax Ò has been compared to the migration into real dry foods: semolina pasta, sugar, flour, milk powder and rice (Aurela, Kulmala, & Soderhjelm, 1999;Mariani et al, 1999;Nerín, Contín, & Asensio, 2007;Triantafyllou, Akrida-Demertzi, & Demertzis, 2007). Results obtained in different studies suggest that equilibrium concentration in this simulant is often higher than the equilibrium concentration found in the actual food, thus indicating that results obtained with the simulant have a safe margin.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Mass Transfer and Factors Affecting Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poropak Ò and a semisolid mixture (diatomaceous earth, olive oil and water) are other simulants referred in literature (Nerín & Acosta, 2002;Summerfield & Cooper, 2001). The fat content of the food was found to contribute to higher migration levels, especially at high temperatures (Triantafyllou et al, 2007). A possible explanation was the eventual melting at the high testing temperature of the non-surface fat which came into intimate contact with the paper.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Mass Transfer and Factors Affecting Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling migration from paper into a food simulant

et al. 2011

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a b s t r a c tThe migration of components from paper into Tenax Ò was studied to determine the influence of molecular size and chemical character of the migrant and the influence of paper characteristics in the migration process. The Weibull model was applied because Fick's 2nd law of diffusion gave poor fits in some cases. The migration pattern depended on the migrants molecular size and was independent of temperature in the studied range. The migration rate decreased with the migrant molecular size. The influence of the migrants character (polarity and vapour pressure) on the migration behaviour was also studied: nonpolar migrants with high vapour pressure presented low relative migration values and polar migrants presented high values of relative migration. Results indicated that the apparent partition coefficient between paper and the simulant Tenax Ò increased with the migrant vapour pressure and with both the paper grammage and the recycled pulp content.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Mass Transfer and Factors Affecting Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Mass Transfer and Factors Affecting Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling migration from paper into a food simulant

et al. 2011

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“…The use of Tenax Ò in the field of migration studies has been associated most often to migration from paper and board to mimic the contact with dry foods. The migration behaviour of components from paper into Tenax Ò has been compared to the migration into real dry foods: semolina pasta, sugar, flour, milk powder and rice (Aurela et al, 1999;Mariani, Chiacchierini, & Gesumundo, 1999;Nerín & Asensio, 2007;Triantafyllou, Akrida-Demertzi, & Demertzis, 2007). Results obtained in different studies suggest that equilibrium concentration in this simulant is often higher than the equilibrium concentration found in the actual food, thus indicating that results obtained with the simulant have a safe margin and, therefore, the simulant may be useful for compliance purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of two antioxidants from packaging into a solid food and into Tenax®

et al. 2012

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“…This Article requires that food contact materials must not transfer their components into food in quantities doi: 10.17221/645/2014-CJFS that could endanger human health, change the food composition in an unacceptable way or deteriorate its taste and odour. This means that recycled paper for the food contact should not allow the migration of hazardous components potentially endangering human health (Triantafyllou et al 2007). The requirements on the food packaging have increased significantly over recent decades.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbial contamination of paper-based food contact materials with different contents of recycled fiber

Hladíková¹,

Kejlová²,

Sosnovcová³

et al. 2015

Czech J. Food Sci.

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Hladíková Z., Kejlová K., Sosnovcová J., Jírová D., Vavrouš A., Janoušek A., Syčová M., Špelina V. (2015): Microbial contamination of paper-based food contact materials with different contents of recycled fiber. Czech J. Food Sci., 33: 308-312.Recycled paper is commonly used in food packaging industry, especially for disposable products. The material coming into direct contact with food products must not represent a source of contamination for food in accordance with the Framework Regulation (EC) No. 1935 containing the general requirements on all food contact materials. In the present study, the microbial purity of 31 paper-based materials with different contents of recycled matter (0-100%) was evaluated using a standard method based on the disintegration of paper. The results of the present study indicate the existing relation between the use of recycled fibers and the content of microorganisms. The increased amount of recycled fibers significantly increased the amount of bacteria in the paper samples. The highest content of microorganisms was observed in the case of paper with the highest recycled fiber content. Total counts of bacteria ranged from 5.0 × 10 1 to 1.2 × 10 5 CFU/g. Moulds were detected only in three paper samples. As the microorganisms present in food packaging may penetrate into foodstuffs (particularly those with high contents of water or fat) and have an adverse effect on end-consumers' health, microbial criteria for food packaging should be included into the EU legislation.Keywords: bacteria; disposable materials; health safety; microbial purity; recycled paper Disposable paper-based materials such as boxes, bags, plates, cups, sacks, containers, and napkins have been used in food packaging for many years. The greatest benefit of these materials in comparison to plastic materials is their comparatively minimal impact on our environment and biodegradability. Cellulose and hemicellulose contained in papers and boards are fast biodegradable products, while lignin is biodegraded more slowly by microorganisms because of its structure. Adding cellulosic packaging to traditionally composted products may improve the compost structure while no negative or inhibitory effects on the plant germination and growth have been observed (Ottenio et al. 2004). Paper recycling represents another advantage, as cellulosic fibres can be used several times in the paper production.The recycled paper and paperboard products are made from used papers such as newspapers, magazines and milk cartons, pulped with water and also cleaned and deinked with surfactants (Ozaki et al. 2004). Food grade paper with different pulp percentages of the recycled matter is commonly used in direct contact with foods. Food contact materials, including recycled fiber-based paper, have to be in compliance with general safety principles set up in Article 3 of the Framework Regulation. This Article requires that food contact materials must not transfer their components into food in quantities 309Czech J. Food Sci., 33, 2015 (4): 30...

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A study on the migration of organic pollutants from recycled paperboard packaging materials to solid food matrices

Cited by 134 publications

References 21 publications

Modelling migration from paper into a food simulant

Modelling migration from paper into a food simulant

Migration of two antioxidants from packaging into a solid food and into Tenax®

Microbial contamination of paper-based food contact materials with different contents of recycled fiber

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