A Study on the reserve margin and 10‐minute spinning reserve for wide‐area supply and demand control

Abstract

As a countermeasure for supply and demand imbalance in case of high penetration of photovoltaic systems, wide‐area supply and demand control is considered. This is performed by adjusting the supply and demand balance by power exchange from areas with surplus reserve capacity to areas with insufficient reserve capacity using cross‐regional interconnection lines. By using our supply and demand control model considering the adjustable range that can respond to a fluctuation after 10 min (10‐min spinning reserve, SR10), we quantitatively evaluate the margin of SR10 (SR10_margin) by subtracting the 10‐min residual load fluctuation from SR10 in the local area. By calculating SR10_margin for each time period (month and time of day) and for different targets for reserve capacity (reserve margin and SR10), we investigate the possibility of wide‐area supply and demand control. We find that SR10_margin can be secured by changing the reserve capacity within the local area, which demonstrates the feasibility of wide‐area supply and demand control in terms of supply and demand balance. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Remote Microgrids for Energy Access in Indonesia—Part I: Scaling and Sustainability Challenges and A Technology Outlook

“…Additionally, since the load change compared to the available generation capacity in large-scale systems is relatively less significant than in remote microgrids, implementing an effective control system is mainly used instead of highly over-sizing the system. There are more advanced control systems that could perform real-time adjustment of reserve margins for available power plants according to demand (as in the cases discussed in [31,32]). Therefore, load forecasting might not be as critical as in remote microgrids because the demand growth could be anticipated efficiently.…”