A Study to Assess the Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia among Patients Admitted to Critical Care Units, MGMCRI, from January to December 2019

Abstract

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent life-threatening nosocomial infection in intensive care units (ICUs). Reported incidences vary widely from 5 to 40% depending on the setting and diagnostic criteria. Aims and objectives:(1) To assess the prevalence of VAP among patients admitted to critical care units. (2) To find out the contributing factors of VAP among patients admitted to critical care units. Materials and methods: A retrospective approach was adopted for the study. The population of the study involves the patients diagnosed with VAP. The cluster sampling technique was used. Data were collected from the records based on the demographic variables and the contributing factors that were listed out in the study. Results: With regard to the contributing factors of the VAP, 40 samples were available. Out of these 40 samples, 12 (30%) were with respiratory illness, 7 (17.5%) were with cardiovascular disorders, 7 (17.5%) were with kidney diseases, 5 (12.5%) were with prolonged length of stay, 2 (5%) were with the resistance to antibiotics and invasive procedures, 3 (7.5%) were with trauma, and 1 (2.5%) was with septicemia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.