A Study Validating the Estimation of Anterior Chamber Depth and Iridocorneal Angle with Portable and Non-Portable Slit-Lamp Microscopy

Shimizu, Eisuke; Yazu, Hiroyuki; Aketa, Naohiko; Yokoiwa, Ryota; Sato, Shinri; Yajima, Junichiro; Katayama, Takaharu; Sato, Rio; Tanji, Makoto; Sato, Yasunori; Ogawa, Yoko; Ohta, Michio

doi:10.3390/s21041436

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Secondly, the LAS may be useful for evaluation of other ocular surface diseases. Several reports indicate the possibility of using smartphones for diagnosing another eye disease, such as cataract [ 13 ], conjunctival disorders [ 25 ], and narrow angles [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical observation of tear film breakup time with a novel smartphone-attachable technology

et al. 2023

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Purpose To demonstrate the practicability of a portable instrument in assessing tear film breakup time (TFBUT): a lens attachment for smartphones (LAS). Methods By applying LAS in combination with the iPhone 12 pro, and a recordable slit-lamp microscope, we obtained TFBUT videos from 58 volunteers. The comparison between the conventional slit-lamp microscope and LAS by an experienced ophthalmologist. Moreover, we also invited an ophthalmic postgraduate student and an undergraduate student with no clinical experience to assess TFBUT in those videos. The inter-observer reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results The TFBUT of 116 eyes in total was recorded. Reliability indexes were adequate. The Spearman’s correlation analysis and the intraclass correlation coefficient suggested a strong correlation between the 2 modalities (Right eye: Spearman’s r = 0.929, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.847–0.963, ICC = 0.978, p < 0.001; Left eye: Spearman’s r = 0.931, 95% CI = 0.866–0.964, ICC = 0.985, p < 0.001;). Between instruments, the majority of TFBUT measurements showed good agreement on Bland Altman plot. A high concordance was observed in TFBUT, when assessed by an ophthalmologist and an ophthalmic postgraduate student (Left eye: LAS ICC = 0.951, p < 0.001; Left eye: slit-lamp microscope ICC = 0.944, p < 0.001). Conclusions Compared with the conventional slit-lamp microscope, the LAS has sufficient validity for evaluating TFBUT in clinics or at home.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical observation of tear film breakup time with a novel smartphone-attachable technology

et al. 2023

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“…SEC (SLM-i07/SLM-i08SE, OUI Inc., Tokyo, Japan; 13B2X10198030101/13B2X10198030201) was used to record the ocular blue light video as a diagnostic instrument for the study. SEC is a smartphone attachment that has demonstrated sufficient diagnostic function compared with conventional slit-lamp microscopes in an animal study 20 and several clinical studies 19 , 24 – 26 . SEC uses the same method as an ordinary slit-lamp microscope to diagnose DED using the cobalt blue light method 14 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence to estimate the tear film breakup time and diagnose dry eye disease

Shimizu

Ishikawa

Tanji

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of dry eye disease (DED) remains limited due to the lack of standardized image formats and analysis models. To overcome these issues, we used the Smart Eye Camera (SEC), a video-recordable slit-lamp device, and collected videos of the anterior segment of the eye. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the AI algorithm in estimating the tear film breakup time and apply this model for the diagnosis of DED according to the Asia Dry Eye Society (ADES) DED diagnostic criteria. Using the retrospectively corrected DED videos of 158 eyes from 79 patients, 22,172 frames were annotated by the DED specialist to label whether or not the frame had breakup. The AI algorithm was developed using the training dataset and machine learning. The DED criteria of the ADES was used to determine the diagnostic performance. The accuracy of tear film breakup time estimation was 0.789 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.769–0.809), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of this AI model was 0.877 (95% CI 0.861–0.893). The sensitivity and specificity of this AI model for the diagnosis of DED was 0.778 (95% CI 0.572–0.912) and 0.857 (95% CI 0.564–0.866), respectively. We successfully developed a novel AI-based diagnostic model for DED. Our diagnostic model has the potential to enable ophthalmology examination outside hospitals and clinics.

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“…Routine examinations were performed using slit-lamp microscopy (SL130; Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany, 700 GL; Takagi, Nagano, Japan; and Smart Eye Camera; OUI Inc., Tokyo, Japan). [10][11][12][13][14] Anterior segment photographs were captured by trained ophthalmologists using specialized medical equipment. The acquisition protocol required a minimum of 2 sets of high-quality images for each subject to evaluate clinical ocular surface parameters.…”

Section: Clinical Parameters and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features of Sjögren Syndrome–Related Dry Eye Disease in Anterior Segment Photographs

Shimizu

Sato

Asai

et al. 2023

Cornea

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Purpose: Dry eye disease (DED) is a major complication of autoimmune disorders, including Sjögren syndrome (SS), ocular graft-versus-host disease, and other rheumatic diseases. DED often affects patients’ quality of life, necessitating early detection and treatment. However, no simple screening method for DED has yet been established in ophthalmologic practice. This retrospective study aimed to identify the characteristic features of SS-related DED from anterior segment images. Methods: Five hundred two cases (SS, 68 cases; ocular graft-versus-host disease, 50 cases; other conditions, 27 cases; simple DED, 72 cases; and no DED, 97 cases) were enrolled. Results: The inferior corneal fluorescein staining score (CFS_I) was significantly higher in the SS group (P < 0.001). Moreover, the nasal lissamine green staining score (LG_N) was high in the SS group (P < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated for the CFS_I plus LG_N in relation to the SS-positive and SS-negative statuses; the sensitivity and specificity were 80.6% and 91.1%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.926. Conclusions: A positive CFS_I combined with a positive LG_N correlates with a high risk for SS. A positive CFS_I and a positive LG_N are important signs for an immune-related DED, especially SS, and may be useful in the early detection of SS-related DED.

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A Study Validating the Estimation of Anterior Chamber Depth and Iridocorneal Angle with Portable and Non-Portable Slit-Lamp Microscopy

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Clinical observation of tear film breakup time with a novel smartphone-attachable technology

Clinical observation of tear film breakup time with a novel smartphone-attachable technology

Artificial intelligence to estimate the tear film breakup time and diagnose dry eye disease

Clinical Features of Sjögren Syndrome–Related Dry Eye Disease in Anterior Segment Photographs

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