A Subset of Dorsal Neurons Modulates Circadian Behavior and Light Responses in Drosophila

Murad, Alejandro D.; Emery-Le, Myai; Emery, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.01.034

Cited by 117 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Grima et al, 2004), previous reports suggest that the molecular oscillations in DN1 neurons play an important role in determining rhythmic activity/rest behavior both under DD and LL conditions (de la Paz Fernandez et al, 2007;Murad et al, 2007). The results of a study which manipulated molecular oscillations in circadian pacemaker circuit by targeted expression of SHAGGY (SGG; a clock component whose overexpression speeds up the oscillations in mRNA of circadian genes) (Stoleru et al, 2005) suggests that whereas sLNv, LNd, DN1, and DN3 cells are part of a circuit that regulates locomotor activity rhythm, the lLNv and DN2 cells form a separate and independent circuit that apparently does not influence locomotor activity rhythm and that the DN2 cells are the dominant component of this second circuit and regulate the oscillations in the lLNv (Stoleru et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In this case, molecular oscillation appears to persist in DN1 up to the fourth day in LL as quantified by cell counts based on PDP-1 staining (Murad et al, 2007). The peak in PDP-1-immunopositive cell numbers coincides with falling levels of locomotor activity (although not the trough) (Murad et al, 2007). Two simultaneously occurring behavioral rhythms are seen in LL in cry b mutants, with increasing fraction of flies showing polyrhythmic locomotor behavior with increasing light intensity (Yoshii et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…When PER is overexpressed in the pacemaker circuit using the tim-GAL4 driver, it is possible to induce a robust single-period rhythm under LL (Murad et al, 2007) in Ͼ90% of flies. In this case, molecular oscillation appears to persist in DN1 up to the fourth day in LL as quantified by cell counts based on PDP-1 staining (Murad et al, 2007). The peak in PDP-1-immunopositive cell numbers coincides with falling levels of locomotor activity (although not the trough) (Murad et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pigment Dispersing Factor-Dependent and -Independent Circadian Locomotor Behavioral Rhythms

Sheeba

Sharma²,

Gu³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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Circadian pacemaker circuits consist of ensembles of neurons, each expressing molecular oscillations, but how circuit-wide coordination of multiple oscillators regulates rhythmic physiological and behavioral outputs remains an open question. To investigate the relationship between the pattern of oscillator phase throughout the circadian pacemaker circuit and locomotor activity rhythms in Drosophila, we perturbed the electrical activity and pigment dispersing factor (PDF) levels of the lateral ventral neurons (LNv) and assayed their combinatorial effect on molecular oscillations in different parts of the circuit and on locomotor activity behavior. Altered electrical activity of PDF-expressing LNv causes initial behavioral arrhythmicity followed by gradual long-term emergence of two concurrent short-and long-period circadian behavioral activity bouts in ϳ60% of flies. Initial desynchrony of circuit-wide molecular oscillations is followed by the emergence of a novel pattern of period (PER) synchrony whereby two subgroups of dorsal neurons (DN1 and DN2) exhibit PER oscillation peaks coinciding with two activity bouts, whereas other neuronal subgroups exhibit a single PER peak coinciding with one of the two activity bouts. The emergence of this novel pattern of circuit-wide oscillator synchrony is not accompanied by concurrent change in the electrical activity of the LNv. In PDF-null flies, altered electrical activity of LNv drives a short-period circadian activity bout only, indicating that PDF-independent factors underlie the short-period circadian activity component and that the long-period circadian component is PDF-dependent. Thus, polyrhythmic behavioral patterns in electrically manipulated flies are regulated by circuit-wide coordination of molecular oscillations and electrical activity of LNv via PDF-dependent and -independent factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pigment Dispersing Factor-Dependent and -Independent Circadian Locomotor Behavioral Rhythms

Sheeba

Sharma²,

Gu³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…Although LN v s are sufficient to drive rest:activity rhythms in constant darkness (DD) and set the period of the clock, robust behavioral and physiological rhythms are an emergent property of the clock network as a whole (Peng et al 2003;Guo et al 2014;Yao and Shafer 2014;Roberts et al 2015;Liang et al 2016). LN d s and DN1 neurons are targets of PDF and play roles in regulating multiple features of circadian behavior, including rhythm strength, phase, and circadian period (Murad et al 2007;Lear et al 2009;Zhang et al 2010;Guo et al 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian and feeding cues integrate to drive rhythms of physiology in Drosophila insulin-producing cells

et al. 2016

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Circadian clocks regulate much of behavior and physiology, but the mechanisms by which they do so remain poorly understood. While cyclic gene expression is thought to underlie metabolic rhythms, little is known about cycles in cellular physiology. We found that Drosophila insulin-producing cells (IPCs), which are located in the pars intercerebralis and lack an autonomous circadian clock, are functionally connected to the central circadian clock circuit via DN1 neurons. Insulin mediates circadian output by regulating the rhythmic expression of a metabolic gene (sxe2) in the fat body. Patch clamp electrophysiology reveals that IPCs display circadian clock-regulated daily rhythms in firing event frequency and bursting proportion under light:dark conditions. The activity of IPCs and the rhythmic expression of sxe2 are additionally regulated by feeding, as demonstrated by night feeding-induced changes in IPC firing characteristics and sxe2 levels in the fat body. These findings indicate circuit-level regulation of metabolism by clock cells in Drosophila and support a role for the pars intercerebralis in integrating circadian control of behavior and physiology.

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“…Genetic studies in Drosophila have identified CRYPTOCRHOME (CRY), a protein photopigment essential for circadian photoentrainment. They have also identified anatomically distinct clock neurons, evening cells (E cells) and morning cells (M cells), as the key pacemakers timing the onset of the evening locomotor activity peak and the morning activity peak, respectively (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). E cells include the 5th LNv, dorsal lateral neurons (LNds), and a few dorsal neurons (DN1s).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-arousal and circadian photoreception circuits intersect at the large PDF cells of the Drosophila brain

Shang

Griffith

Rosbash

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

277

278

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The neural circuits that regulate sleep and arousal as well as their integration with circadian circuits remain unclear, especially in Drosophila. This issue intersects with that of photoreception, because light is both an arousal signal in diurnal animals and an entraining signal for the circadian clock. To identify neurons and circuits relevant to light-mediated arousal as well as circadian phase-shifting, we developed genetic techniques that link behavior to single cell-type resolution within the Drosophila central brain. We focused on the unknown function of the 10 PDFcontaining large ventral lateral neurons (l-LNvs) of the Drosophila circadian brain network and show here that these cells function in light-dependent arousal. They also are important for phase shifting in the late-night (dawn), indicating that the circadian photoresponse is a network property and therefore non-cell-autonomous. The data further indicate that the circuits underlying light-induced arousal and circadian photoentrainment intersect at the l-LNvs and then segregate.L ight promotes arousal in diurnal species. Drosophila arousalsleep circuits remain largely uncharacterized. Exceptions are the mushroom body with a role in sleep-arousal (1, 2) as well as neurons of the pars intercerebralis (PI) and the ellipsoid body (EB) of the central complex (CC) with roles in locomotion (3, 4). Importantly, there is no indication of how the poorly understood fly sleep-movement circuits are coordinated or communicate with the well-studied brain circadian network, or whether these Ϸ150 circadian neurons impact directly on sleep or arousal.

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A Subset of Dorsal Neurons Modulates Circadian Behavior and Light Responses in Drosophila

Cited by 117 publications

References 43 publications

Pigment Dispersing Factor-Dependent and -Independent Circadian Locomotor Behavioral Rhythms

Pigment Dispersing Factor-Dependent and -Independent Circadian Locomotor Behavioral Rhythms

Circadian and feeding cues integrate to drive rhythms of physiology in Drosophila insulin-producing cells

Light-arousal and circadian photoreception circuits intersect at the large PDF cells of the Drosophila brain

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