A surface test for virucidal activity of disinfectants: preliminary study with herpes virus

Tyler, R.; Ayliffe, G.A.J.

doi:10.1016/0195-6701(87)90090-9

Cited by 54 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…25 Tyler and Ayliffe 26 reported results from carrier experiments using coverslips with herpes simplex virus type 1, showing that 70% ethanol produced a log 10 reduction factor of 4.7 compared with 0.3 with 90% ethanol. The same phenomenon has also been observed with industrial methylated spirit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate of norovirus (formerly Norwalk-like viruses), by different types of alcohol in vitro and in vivo

Gehrke

Steinmann

Goroncy‐Bermes³

2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

110

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Hand disinfection is an important measure to prevent transmission of norovirus (formerly called Norwalk-like viruses) from hands or environmental surfaces to other objects. Therefore, three types of alcohol (ethanol, 1-and 2-propanol) were examined for their virus-inactivating properties against feline calicivirus (FCV) as a surrogate for norovirus. Tests were performed as quantitative suspension assays or as in vivo experiments with artificially contaminated fingertips. The in vitro experiments showed that 1-propanol was more effective than ethanol and 2-propanol for the inactivation of FCV: in tests with the 50 and 70% solutions of the different alcohols, a 10 4 -fold reduction was observed with 1-propanol after 30 s, whereas the other alcohols were effective only after 3 min contact time. The greatest efficacy did not occur at the highest concentrations (80%). The following concentrations (extrapolated data) showed the greatest virusinactivating properties in the suspension test: ethanol 67%, 2-propanol 58% (exposure times of 1 min) and 1-propanol 60% (exposure time of 30 s). The results from fingertips experiments with 70 and 90% solutions and an application time of 30 s confirmed these findings: the 70% alcoholic solutions were more effective than the 90% solutions. In contrast to the suspension tests, 70% ethanol showed the greatest efficacy in vivo with a log 10 reduction factor (RF) of 3.78 compared with 70% 1-propanol (RF 3.58), 70% 2-propanol (RF 2.15) and hard water (RF 1.23). Ethanol and 1-propanol-based solutions with a high alcohol content thus appear most effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate of norovirus (formerly Norwalk-like viruses), by different types of alcohol in vitro and in vivo

Gehrke

Steinmann

Goroncy‐Bermes³

2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

110

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“…28 Chambon et ~1 .~' showed that one of the glutaraldehyde targets was the capsid of poliovirus type I and echovirus type 25. In the present study, most of the phage particles treated with glutaraldehyde 1 YO v/v had a "ghostly" appearance.…”

Section: Eflect Of Biocidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronmicroscopic investigation of the effects of biocides on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO bacteriophage F116

Maillard

Hann

Beggs

et al. 1995

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary.Electronmicroscopy was used to observe morphological changes of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA0 bacteriophage F116 when treated with various biocides commonly used as antibacterial and antifungal agents. Because of its large size (145 nm) and its organised structure (an isometric head and a tail), it was possible to classify structural damage into eight categories. The morphological changes induced depended on the type of biocide used and its concentration. Glutaraldehyde increased the number of phages with empty heads. Peracetic acid and phenol altered the appearance of the viral genome packaged inside the head, produced fractured heads, and damaged the tail. Peracetic acid also induced folding of the phage heads. The alcohols tested also altered the head structure. Cetylpyridinium chloride induced mainly fractured head damage. Chlorhexidine had little effect on the structure of F116.

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“…Tyler and Ayliffe examined the susceptibility of dried herpes simplex virus to 70% ethanol and glutaraldehyde and found both to cause at least a fourfold logarithmic reduction in infectious titre within a minute. 4 We found that 70% industrial methylated spirit failed to inactivate an inoculum of HIV of four times the logarithm of the tissue culture infective dose within 20 minutes, a finding that disagrees with those from previous reports based on suspension tests.23 This discrepancy may reflect different susceptibilities of dried and aqueous HIV to alcohol. In the presence of organic protein alcohols are likely to be less virucidal, although we did not test them in the presence of neat serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Chemical inactivation of HIV on surfaces.

Hanson

Gor

Jeffries

et al. 1989

BMJ

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A surface test for virucidal activity of disinfectants: preliminary study with herpes virus

Cited by 54 publications

References 29 publications

Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate of norovirus (formerly Norwalk-like viruses), by different types of alcohol in vitro and in vivo

Inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate of norovirus (formerly Norwalk-like viruses), by different types of alcohol in vitro and in vivo

Electronmicroscopic investigation of the effects of biocides on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO bacteriophage F116

Chemical inactivation of HIV on surfaces.

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