A Survey of Mammalian and Avian Neoplasms at the Zoological Society of London

Neoplasms and Proliferative Disorders in Nonhuman Primates

“…A review of the pathology of prosimians [6] found only a few tumors in the literature: an osteosarcoma of the hand of a ring-tailed lemur, a hepatoma in a black lemur, three unspecified neoplasms in lemurs, a pheochromocytoma in a ring-tailed lemur [95], mammary carcinomas in three ringtailed lemurs [118], and spontaneous cholangiocarcinoma in a ring-tailed lemur [20]. In a recent paper describing neoplasms found in birds and mammals from the London Zoo, seven of 11 tumors reported from tree shrews and primates occurred in prosimians: an adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in a large tree shrew (Lyonogale tana), a malignant mixed mammary tumor and a thyroid adenoma in thick-tailed galagos (G. crassicaudatus), and a prostatic adenocarcinoma in a slow loris (N. coucang) in addition to three previously reported mammary carcinomas in ring-tailed lemurs [119]. One of the female lemurs with breast cancer also had a vaginal papilloma.…”

“…More recently, four cases of malignant lymphoma, one resembling Hodgkin's disease, in baboons (P. anubis, P. cynocephalus, and P. anubis X cynocephalus) have been reported from a U.S. primate research center [39]. Lymphoreticular neoplasms resembling Hodgkin's disease have been reported in a mangabey (C albigena) in a review of tumors from the London Zoo [119]. In baboons a viral etiology (herpesvirus and/or C-type retrovirus) has been suggested and should be suspected for other primate hematopoietic malignancies.…”

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma in a lesser flamingo (Phoenicopterus minor)

“…Interestingly, the same study revealed that slightly less than 50% of the neoplasms diagnosed in Phoenicopteridae were hepatic neoplasms. This observation is reflected in the literature, where five out of the eight reports of neoplasms in flamingo species were hepatic neoplasms (three CC, two HCC) (Wadsworth et al, 1978;Wadsworth & Jones, 1981;Wadsworth et al, 1985;Lopez & Merino-Moncada, 1986;Campbell et al, 1993;Abu et al, 2009). This is the first report where gross, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of CHCC in a bird are described, and the first report of CHCC in a lesser flamingo.…”

Mammary Gland Tumors in Captive African Hedgehogs

“…Neoplastic disease is common in African hedgehogs as evidenced by the liberal number of published articles pertaining to tumors in hedgehogs (Wadsworth and Jones, 1985; Schmidt and Hubbard, 1987;Hruban et al, 1992;Reams and Janovitz, 1992;Bunton, 1993;Peauroi et al, 1994;Raymond et al, 1997;Ramos-Vara et al, 1998;Raymond et al, 1998). In one retrospective study, neoplastic disease was noted in approximately 30% of hedgehog necropsies (Raymond and White, 1999).…”