A survey of road pricing

Morrison, Steven A.

doi:10.1016/0191-2607(86)90035-x

Cited by 93 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Where L(f (·)) is defined as in (4). Note that µ is our control parameter; G and β represent the system and population we are attempting to control.…”

Section: Tolling For Unknown Homogeneous Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely known that uninfluenced social systems often exhibit suboptimal behavior. This is a well-researched topic in many fields, including electric power markets [2], communication spectrum sharing [3], and traffic congestion [4]. Accordingly, a central design challenge is to influence social behavior through admissible mechanisms in these systems to promote efficient outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social coordination in unknown price-sensitive populations

Brown

Marden

2013

52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

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Abstract-In this paper, we investigate the relationship between uncertainty and a designer's ability to influence social behavior. Pigovian taxes are a common approach to social coordination. However, guaranteeing efficient behavior typically requires that the system designer has complete knowledge of the user population's sensitivity to taxation. In this paper, we explore the effect of relaxing this requirement in the context of congestion games with affine costs. Focusing on the class of scaled Pigovian taxes, we derive the optimal tolling scheme that minimizes the worst-case efficiency loss under uncertainty in user sensitivity. Furthermore, we derive explicit bounds which highlight how the level of uncertainty in sensitivity degrades performance.

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“…Where L(f (·)) is defined as in (4). Note that µ is our control parameter; G and β represent the system and population we are attempting to control.…”

Section: Tolling For Unknown Homogeneous Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social coordination in unknown price-sensitive populations

Brown

Marden

2013

52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

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“…The outcomes of the ALS were promising. [5]). As of 1 June 1989, all types of vehicles were made subject to the fee.…”

Section: Area License Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

The Marmaray Project in Istanbul: a shift from roads to railways

Öktem¹

2006

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol 89

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Istanbul is one of the biggest metropolitans in the world with over ten million inhabitants. Increasing population and disposable income have led to an increase in the demand for transportation in daily life. Unfortunately, the demand for transport is met mostly by the increasing use of cars. As a result of that, environmental problems associated with the use of cars raise concerns. In order to tackle both urban traffic congestion and air pollution, local authorities and the government are investing in alternative modes for urban transportation to road transport modes. Of these, the most notable one is the Marmaray Project. In fact, this project is also one of the most interesting transport projects of the world. The aim of the project is to shift the demand from road transportation on the bridges over the Istanbul Straight to public transportation with rail systems. The project consists of five parts: a rail system from Gebze to Sogutlucesme, a bored tube system under the surface between Sogutlucesme and Uskudar on the Asian side of Istanbul, an immersed tunnel under the Istanbul Straight from Uskudar to Sirkeci, a bored tunnel under the surface between Sirkeci and Kazlıcesme and again a rail system from Kazlıcesme to Halkali on the European side of Istanbul. The objectives of the Marmaray Projects are various. It has been estimated that when the project has been completed, the number of passengers travelling by the rail system will dramatically increase and Istanbul will have an efficient urban public transport system, which will significantly contribute to policies taken to cope with urban traffic congestion and air pollution caused by traffic.

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“…Tolls arc primarily a local revenue instrument in the United States and are often used to finance transit. Road pricing has been long discussed, but rarely used for reducing the economic inefficiency of congestion (Walters 1961;Mohring and Horwitz 1962;Smeed 1964;Mohring 1970;Vickxey 1968;Zettel and CarU 1964;Stratzheim 1977;Morrison 1986;Miller 1989). New technological developments (Kraus !989) and the increasing difficulty of expanding roadway capacity have again raised discussions of road pricing for managing congestion.…”

Section: Road Parking and Area Pricingmentioning

confidence: 99%