A survey of the helminth parasites of cetaceans stranded on the coast of England and Wales during the period 1990-1994

Gibson, David I.; Harris, Eileen; Bray, Rodney A.; Jepson, Paul D.; Kuiken, Thijs; Baker, J. R.; Simpson, V. R.

doi:10.1017/s0952836998004099

Cited by 34 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…With the exception of one neonate, all harbour porpoises infected with Salmonella group B also had helminth parasites in their lungs (Table 1). The lungs of juvenile and adult harbour porpoises are usually parasitized by nematode worms (Clausen and Andersen, 1988;Baker, 1992;Brosens et al, 1996;Kirkwood et al, 1997;Gibson et al, 1998;Jepson et al, 2000), and the possibility that lungworms could play a role in the direct or indirect (via intermediate host) transmission of pulmonary bacteria, including Salmonella group B, has been suggested (Foster et al, 1999;Jepson et al, 2000). A similar mechanism has been proposed for Brucella sp.…”

Section: Isolation Of Salmonella Group Bmentioning

confidence: 87%

Occurrence of a monophasic strain of Salmonella group B isolated from cetaceans in England and Wales between 1990 and 2002

Vasquez

Macgregor

Rowcliffe

et al. 2008

Environmental Microbiology

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Between September 1990 and December 2002, 511 cetacean carcasses stranded or caught in commercial fisheries in England and Wales were examined post mortem. Salmonella group B was isolated from 60 of 279 (21.51%) harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), predominantly from lung tissue. Forty-three of the Salmonella group B isolates were subsequently serotyped and all found to have the antigenic structure O4,12:a:-. The annual proportion of harbour porpoises testing positive for Salmonella O4,12:a:- increased significantly from 6% in the early 1990s to 27% after 1999. The cause(s) of the increasing prevalence of Salmonella O4,12:a:- are not known, but may reflect natural variation in the epidemiological cycle of Salmonella O4,12:a:- in harbour porpoises. The probability of isolating Salmonella O4,12:a:- from harbour porpoises increased with age, suggesting that the mode of transmission is principally horizontal. There appeared to be a weak degree of seasonality in the probability of isolating Salmonella O4,12:a:- with a low proportion of cases in the months of April and May. Based on pathological findings from infected carcasses, Salmonella O4,12:a:- may be part of the normal commensal flora of the lungs of cetaceans with the potential to act as an opportunistic pathogen.

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Section: Isolation Of Salmonella Group Bmentioning

confidence: 87%

Occurrence of a monophasic strain of Salmonella group B isolated from cetaceans in England and Wales between 1990 and 2002

Vasquez

Macgregor

Rowcliffe

et al. 2008

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Although the threat of shark predation to dwarf sperm whales is often overlooked, parasites found in stranded individuals suggest that attacks may be more common than generally appreciated (see Gibson et al 1998, Walker 2001, Anzar et al 2007. Sharks are the final host for larval cestodes (Cheung 1993, Caira andHealy 2004), such as Phyllobothrium delphini, that are commonly found encysted in dwarf sperm whale blubber (Nagorsen 1985, Cardona-Maldonado andMignucci-Giannoni 1999, Goold and Clarke 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) habitat use and group size off Great Abaco Island, Bahamas

Dunphy‐Daly¹,

Heithaus²,

Claridge³

2007

Marine Mammal Science

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Dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima) are among the most commonly stranded yet least known pelagic cetaceans. Few studies have occurred at sea, and none have quantified temporal and spatial variation in dwarf sperm whale abundance and group size. We assessed seasonal and spatial variation in dwarf sperm whale group size and abundance off Great Abaco Island, Bahamas using surveys within a 126 km2 study area with depths between 2 and 1,600 m. After correcting for survey effort and variation in sighting efficiency among sea states, we found that dwarf sperm whale group size and habitat use varied seasonally. In summer, dwarf sperm whale groups were small (median = 2.5, range = 1–8) and were found only in the two deep habitats within the study area (slope 400–900 m, deep 900–1,600 m). In winter, group sizes increased (median = 4, range = 1–12) and sightings were almost six times higher in the slope habitat, where vertical relief is highest, than other habitats. Our results suggest that studies of pelagic cetaceans and conservation plans must explicitly account for seasonal variation in group size and habitat use.

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“…49 Northern North Pacific minke whales occur mainly off the coast of northern Japan in summer, 50 including the areas studied in the present report. However, A. simplex appears to exhibit little host specificity, 48,51 so how other cetacean species affect the infection by A. simplex in walleye pollock remains unknown.…”

Section: Geographical Distribution Of Anisakis Simplex In Walleye Polmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical variations in infection by larval Anisakis simplex and Contracaecum osculatum (Nematoda, Anisakidae) in walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma stocks off Hokkaido, Japan

Konishi

Sakurai

2002

Fisheries Sci

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Stocks of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma collected from: (i) the Sea of Japan (off Rebun Island and Kumaishi); (ii) the Pacific coast (off Shikabe and eastern Hokkaido); and (iii) Nemuro Strait off Hokkaido, northern Japan, were examined for anisakid nematodes during December 1999 to February 2000, and the prevalence and abundance of Anisakis simplex and Contracaecum oscula tum larvae were compared among the various sampling sites for fish of the same size and age. Anisakis simplex was generally more abundant than C. oscula tum. Infection by A. simplex varied between the aforementioned stocks of walleye pollock as well as within stocks, whereby fish from off Rebun Island and Nemuro Strait were infected the most, followed by those from off the Pacific coast and Kumaishi. Infection by C. oscula tum differed between the host stocks, and C. oscula tum was the most abundant among the fish from Nemuro Strait. The infection variations seemed to be due to differences in host growth rate, host feeding habit, and the distribution of marine mammal final hosts. The results indicate that these two larval nematodes are useful biological indicators for the population study of walleye pollock in Japanese waters.

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A survey of the helminth parasites of cetaceans stranded on the coast of England and Wales during the period 1990-1994

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

Occurrence of a monophasic strain of Salmonella group B isolated from cetaceans in England and Wales between 1990 and 2002

Occurrence of a monophasic strain of Salmonella group B isolated from cetaceans in England and Wales between 1990 and 2002

Temporal variation in dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) habitat use and group size off Great Abaco Island, Bahamas

Geographical variations in infection by larval Anisakis simplex and Contracaecum osculatum (Nematoda, Anisakidae) in walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma stocks off Hokkaido, Japan

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