A survey on fault injection methods of digital integrated circuits

Eslami, Mohammad; Ghavami, Behnam; Raji, Mohsen; Mahani, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.vlsi.2019.11.006

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…• Dynamic Analysis Tools: The tools, which perform runtime, post mortem, or both. The Fault is injected into the circuit, and then the different input vectors are simulated in the circuit to compute faults [16]. It is helpful to use both kinds of analysis, i.e., static and dynamic kernel modules testing [17].…”

Section: Methodology and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fault Simulation Over Custom Kernel Module Using Various Techniques

Sandhu

2021

Research Journal Of Computer Science And Information Technology

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To test the behavior of the Linux kernel module, device drivers and file system in a faulty situation, scientists tried to inject faults in different artificial environments. Since the rarity and unpredictability of such events are pretty high, thus the localization and detection of Linux kernel, device drivers, file system modules errors become unfathomable. ‘Artificial introduction of some random faults during normal tests’ is the only known approach to such mystifying problems. A standard method for performing such experiments is to generate synthetic faults and study the effects. Various fault injection frameworks have been analyzed over the Linux kernel to simulate such detection. The following paper highlights the comparison of different approaches and techniques used for such fault injection to test Linux kernel modules that include simulating low resource conditions and detecting memory leaks. The frameworks chosen to be used in these experiments are; Linux Text Project (LTP), KEDR, Linux Fault-Injection (LFI), and SCSI.

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Section: Methodology and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fault Simulation Over Custom Kernel Module Using Various Techniques

Sandhu

2021

Research Journal Of Computer Science And Information Technology

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“…However, the proposed metric is specific to cryptography software implementations used in smartcard devices. Eslami et al [22] presented a survey that brought together and compared hardware-based and software-based approaches to simulate fault injection attacks on digital devices. The survey covered hardware-based fault injection and emulation-based fault injection using circuit instrumentation techniques and hardware reconfiguration.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Fault Injection Attacks on IoT Systems

2022

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The field of the Internet of Things (IoT) is growing at a breakneck pace and its applications are becoming increasingly sophisticated with time. Fault injection attacks on IoT systems are aimed at altering software behavior by introducing faults into the hardware devices of the system. Attackers introduce glitches into hardware components, such as the clock generator, microcontroller, and voltage source, which can affect software functioning, causing it to misbehave. The methods proposed in the literature to handle fault injection attacks on IoT systems vary from hardware-based attack detection using system-level properties to analyzing the IoT software for vulnerabilities against fault injection attacks. This paper provides a systematic review of the various techniques proposed in the literature to counter fault injection attacks at both the system level and the software level to identify their limitations and propose solutions to address them. Hybrid attack detection methods at the software level are proposed to enhance the security of IoT systems against fault injection attacks. Solutions to the identified limitations are suggested using machine learning, dynamic code instrumentation tools, hardware emulation platforms, and concepts from the software testing domain. Future research possibilities, such as the use of software fault injection tools and supervised machine learning for attack detection at the software level, are investigated.

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“…A hardware security assessment can be performed either by applying practical techniques, including simulations and experimental techniques, or by using mathematical analysis methods [12,[14][15][16]. Today's simulation tools have extensive capabilities, and they can be used as highly accurate, flexible, and low-cost appliances in primary evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Security evaluation against fault attacks is a key step in the design of any IoT device that needs to adhere to specific security requirements [16,35]. To this end, hardware security specialists should design an efficient evaluation platform for the embedded software developers of critical IoTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review on Evaluation and Configuration of Fault Injection Attack Instruments to Design Attack Resistant MCU-Based IoT Applications

et al. 2020

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The Internet-of-Things (IoT) has gained significant importance in all aspects of daily life, and there are many areas of application for it. Despite the rate of expansion and the development of infrastructure, such systems also bring new concerns and challenges. Security and privacy are at the top of the list and must be carefully considered by designers and manufacturers. Not only do the devices need to be protected against software and network-based attacks, but proper attention must also be paid to recently emerging hardware-based attacks. However, low-cost unit software developers are not always sufficiently aware of existing vulnerabilities due to these kinds of attacks. To tackle the issue, various platforms are proposed to enable rapid and easy evaluation against physical attacks. Fault attacks are the noticeable type of physical attacks, in which the normal and secure behavior of the targeted devices is liable to be jeopardized. Indeed, such attacks can cause serious malfunctions in the underlying applications. Various studies have been conducted in other research works related to the different aspects of fault injection. Two of the primary means of fault attacks are clock and voltage fault injection. These attacks can be performed with a moderate level of knowledge, utilizing low-cost facilities to target IoT systems. In this paper, we explore the main parameters of the clock and voltage fault generators. This can help hardware security specialists to develop an open-source platform and to evaluate their design against such attacks. The principal concepts of both methods are studied for this purpose. Thereafter, we conclude our paper with the need for such an evaluation platform in the design and production cycle of embedded systems and IoT devices.

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A survey on fault injection methods of digital integrated circuits

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of Fault Simulation Over Custom Kernel Module Using Various Techniques

Comparison of Fault Simulation Over Custom Kernel Module Using Various Techniques

A Systematic Review of Fault Injection Attacks on IoT Systems

A Review on Evaluation and Configuration of Fault Injection Attack Instruments to Design Attack Resistant MCU-Based IoT Applications

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