A Survey on Heart Biometrics

Rathore, Aditya Singh; Li, Zhengxiong; Zhu, Weijin; Jin, Zhanpeng; Xu, Wenyao

doi:10.1145/3410158

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Retinal scanning can be quite accurate but does require the user to look into a receptacle and focus on a given point. We can categorize biometrics solutions as fiducial, and non-fiducial approaches [32]. The term "fiducial points" in biometrics usually refers to the representative characteristics used to characterize the involved signal.…”

Section: Heart-based Biometrics and Cryptographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all the characteristics of the ECG, the QRS complex is the most important one [74] that starts when the Q wave begins and ends when the S waveform finishes. Rathore et al [32] described in detail how the heart signal works as well as the most important sensors that can be used to gather it. In the following, we explain the main concepts that cryptographic protocols based on the heart signal use: fiducial points, heart-rate variability as well as which ones are the most used sensors in the literature.…”

Section: Heart Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though many of the aforementioned surveys emphasize the importance of the heart signal in future biometric protocols, we could not find any one covering the heart signal in detail with the only exception of a recent survey published on heartbased biometric authentication protocols [32]. In such a survey authors explain in detail how the heart signal is used for authentication purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heart-Based Biometric Protocols: A look back over almost two decades

Ortiz-Martin¹,

Picazo-Sanchez²

2022

Preprint

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This article surveys the literature over the period 2003-2021 on heart-based biometric protocols. In particular, we focus on how the heart signal is transformed from a continuous wave to discrete values to be used afterwards in authentication protocols. We explain and classify the surveyed proposals according to three main parameters: i) the dataset they use for testing their results; ii) the delineation algorithms they use to extract the fiducial points, and; iii) the cryptographic tests they run (if any) to validate how random the extracted token is.

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Section: Heart-based Biometrics and Cryptographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heart Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heart-Based Biometric Protocols: A look back over almost two decades

Ortiz-Martin¹,

Picazo-Sanchez²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The security of biometric systems is enhanced with the adoption of physiological signals (like Electrocardiogram [17], Electroencephalogram [41], Photoplethysmography [19]), assuming that attackers cannot easily obtain the victim's physiological signals [36]. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals are commonly measured by wearable devices integrated with cost-effective PPG signal sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Video is All You Need: Attacking PPG-based Biometric Authentication

Li¹,

Chen²,

Pan³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Unobservable physiological signals enhance biometric authentication systems. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals are convenient owning to its ease of measurement and are usually well protected against remote adversaries in authentication. Any leaked PPG signals help adversaries compromise the biometric authentication systems, and the advent of remote PPG (rPPG) enables adversaries to acquire PPG signals through restoration. While potentially dangerous, rPPG-based attacks are overlooked because existing methods require the victim's PPG signals. This paper proposes a novel spoofing attack approach that uses the waveforms of rPPG signals extracted from video clips to fool the PPG-based biometric authentication. We develop a new PPG restoration model that does not require leaked PPG signals for adversarial attacks. Test results on state-of-art PPG-based biometric authentication show that the signals recovered through rPPG pose a severe threat to PPG-based biometric authentication.

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“…A survey of heart biometrics was presented in [23] in the context of heart signals for user authentication, but it suffers from a superficial coverage in PPG signals with six papers. A review on wearable biometric systems was provided in [24] with only a few acquisition methods for PPG signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SoK: An Overview of PPG's Application in Authentication

Li¹,

Chen²,

Pan³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Biometric authentication prospered during the 2010s. Vulnerability to spoofing attacks remains an inherent problem with traditional biometrics. Recently, unobservable physiological signals (e.g., Electroencephalography, Photoplethysmography, Electrocardiography) as biometrics have been considered a potential solution to this problem. In particular, Photoplethysmography (PPG) measures the change of blood flow of the human body by an optical method. Clinically, researchers commonly use PPG signals to obtain patients' blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and other information to assist in diagnosing heart-related diseases. Since PPG signals are easy to obtain and contain a wealth of individual cardiac information, researchers have begun to explore its potential applications in information security. The unique advantages (simple acquisition, difficult to steal, and live detection) of the PPG signal allow it to improve the security and usability of the authentication in various aspects. However, the research on PPG-based authentication is still in its infancy. The lack of systematization hinders new research in this field. We conduct a comprehensive study of PPGbased authentication and discuss these applications' limitations before pointing out future research directions.

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A Survey on Heart Biometrics

Cited by 40 publications

References 126 publications

Heart-Based Biometric Protocols: A look back over almost two decades

Heart-Based Biometric Protocols: A look back over almost two decades

Video is All You Need: Attacking PPG-based Biometric Authentication

SoK: An Overview of PPG's Application in Authentication

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