A Survey on Nanotechnology‐Based Bioremediation of Wastewater

Abstract

Rainwater discharge and human impacts produce wastewater, which is a contaminated type of water. Sediments also discharge phosphate into the water column when there is a lack of dissolved oxygen in the water. Through the manufacturing of environmentally benign nanoparticles, nanotechnology may reduce the amount of money spent by enterprises to remediate such contaminants. Because of their improved physiological, biochemical, and biomechanical qualities, nanoparticles are getting prominence. The importance of the global wastewater dilemma is discussed in this survey. The use of nanomaterials in heavy metal remediation (HMR) and wastewater treatment is covered in this survey. This paper also discusses the benefits of nanotechnology over traditional approaches in certain fields. This survey aims to gather together many recent studies on nanoparticle production and their benefits as adsorbents in the remediation of wastewater which have been done so far. The promising role of nanotechnology in wastewater remediation is surveyed in this research, which also discusses recent developments in nanotechnology-mediated remediation methods. This survey examines the vital potential of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment, as well as recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology-mediated treatment systems.

Characterization of Drain Water at Mariahu Municipal Area Jaunpur and Its Periodic Variance in the Context of Biodiversity

“…Cyanobacterial toxins are contained within the living cells and are not released into surrounding water until senescene or death of the cells. Pre-chlorination during water treatment or the application of copper sulphate in controlling blooms (used in some European Countries) results in cells death and release of toxins into water (Raluca et al, 2017) (Lakshmi et al, 2022). In 1988 within 2-3 weeks of Cu treatment of the Goezalkowice reservoir, South Poland, the District Medical Officers recorded a rise in the number of cases of spastic bronchitis especially in children of this locality .…”

Exploring synthesis and applications of green nanoparticles and the role of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment

“…He asserted that the application of nanotechnology allows materials to be divided, consolidated, and deformed by a single atom or molecule. Nanomaterials have high reactivity, functionalization, a large specific surface area, size-dependent properties, and other characteristics that make them appropriate for wastewater treatment [20] . Improved sea and brackish water desalination, safe wastewater reuse, water disinfection, and decontamination are the main goals of nanotechnology-based water treatment technologies [21] .…”

Efficiency of engineered/modified biochars-based adsorbents for removal of pollutants from aquatic environment: A critical review

“…Toxic pollutants, such as heavy metals, antibiotics, and PAHs are often discharges from the pharmaceutical industry, sewage treatment, electronics and alloys smelting and mining, dyes and pigments and manufacturing of batteries (Qasem et al 2021;Thangavelu et al 2022). These contaminants can have long-term toxicity when they bioaccumulate through food chains and have ecotoxicological effects on water ecology when present in high concentrations.…”

“…Therefore, some cost-effective methods are needed to be developed to remove heavy metal compounds from wastewater. Most traditional water treatment technologies have disadvantages of either low efficiency or overspending (Thangavelu et al 2022). Over the last few decades, various removal strategies such as oxidation, precipitation/co-precipitation, coagulation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane separation techniques, and adsorption have served to remove or minimize pollutant concentrations below the World Health Organization (WHO) standards (Rahman et al 2021).…”