A synopsis of Philippine Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae)

Abstract

A taxonomic synopsis of Philippine Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) is presented. Following a study of 138 published names and their types, we accept 98 Cyrtandra species for the Philippine flora. Except for C. angularis, C. elatostemoides, and C. yaeyamae, all are endemic to the country. Lectotypes or neotypes are designated for all names for which this is necessary, except for six names for which we were unable to locate original material. We also validate a species name that was previously described without a Latin diagnosis (C. peninsula), synonymize three names, and provide taxonomic notes for each species. In addition, we propose two replacement names for taxa for which a legitimate name in Cyrtandra does not currently exist: C. edanoi for a Philippine species and C. siporensis for a Sumatran species. A look‐up table is provided to facilitate referencing of currently accepted names in Philippine Cyrtandra.

Annotated Checklist of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) of Sumatra, Indonesia

“…Further discussion on type designation is given below: in general, where a lectotype was selected, it was checked against the protologue to ensure it matched the author's description of the species; decision making related to particular authors is set out in detail. Information on taxonomic status was taken from floras and other publications (Jack, 1823;Blume, 1826;De Candolle, 1845;Miquel, 1858;Clarke, 1883;Bakhuizen van den Brink, 1950;Bramley et al, 2004;Atkins & Kartonegoro, 2021;GRC, 2022;POWO, 2022;Olivar et al, 2022) and no additional taxonomic decision-making was undertaken at this time, although where there is some uncertainty about status this has been indicated in the discussion following the name entry. The checklist entry for each name follows the standard abbreviations for authors (IPNI, 2022) and journals and books (TL2, 2022).…”

“…Of these, 39 species and three varieties are known to be endemic to Sumatra and 15 species are also distributed on neighbouring islands. Of the 15 non-endemic species, 13 have a distribution that includes Java, with a few also known from Peninsular Malaysia (3), Southern Thailand (1), Borneo (1), Sulawesi (2) or the Lesser Sunda Islands (3) (Atkins & Kartonegoro, 2021;Bakhuizen van den Brink, 1950;Bramley et al, 2004;Olivar et al, 2022;GRC, 2022). See Appendix for distribution information.…”

“…Type designations included in more recent works Smith et al, 2020;Olivar et al, 2022) have usually been retained but a small number of errors relating to species from Mount Kerinci have been corrected here.…”

“…Subsequently, carried out a revision of the genus on Mount Kerinci on the border between West Sumatra and Jambi Province where they described three new species. Since then, there has been one new species described in 2020 (Smith et al, 2020) and one new name for a later homonym for a Sumatran species (Olivar et al, 2022).…”

Early diversification dynamics in a highly successful insular plant taxon are consistent with the general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography

“…& G.Forst., a highly successful insular plant taxon, is the largest genus in the Gesneriaceae with ca. 800 species of herbs, subshrubs, and climbers, recognized by possessing two fertile stamens and ellipsoidal indehiscent fruits that can either be tough‐walled capsules or fleshy berries (Atkins et al, 2013; Olivar et al, 2022). It is distributed throughout the IAA and extends farther eastward to the Pacific Islands and Hawaii.…”