A Synoptic Climatological Approach For Geographical Analysis: Assessment of Sulfur Dioxide Concentrations

Kalkstein, Laurence S.; Corrigan, P.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1986.tb00126.x

Cited by 172 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

136

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, the sample size n is replaced by an effective (smaller) sample size n eff that returns the Pearson correlation coefficient with its respective "adjusted" level of significance (Santer et al, 2000). Previous works have stressed the existence of temporal lags on the relations between air quality and meteorological variables (Kalkstein and Corrigan, 1986;Styer et al, 1995;Ziomas et al, 1995;Cheng and Lam, 2000). In order and SWD changes from positive to negative values.…”

Section: Diurnal Seasonal and Annual Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O3 and PM10 levels at a rural mid-latitude site

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In spite of the strict EU regulations, concentrations of surface ozone and PM 10 often exceed the pollution standards for the Netherlands and Europe. Their concentrations are controlled by (precursor) emissions, social and economic developments and a complex combination of meteorological actors. This study tackles the latter, and provides insight in the meteorological processes that play a role in O 3 and PM 10 levels in rural mid-latitudes sites in the Netherlands. The relations between meteorological actors and air quality are studied on a local scale based on observations from four rural sites and are determined by a comprehensive correlation analysis and a multiple regression (MLR) analysis in 2 modes, with and without air quality variables as predictors. Furthermore, the objective Lamb Weather Type approach is used to assess the influence of the large-scale circulation on air quality. Keeping in mind its future use in downscaling future climate scenarios for air quality purposes, special emphasis is given to an appropriate selection of the regressor variables readily available from operational meteorological forecasts or AOGCMs (Atmosphere-Ocean coupled General Circulation Models). The regression models perform satisfactory, especially for O 3 , with an R 2 of 57.0% and 25.0% for PM 10 . Including previous day air quality information increases significantly the models performance by 15% (O 3 ) and 18% (PM 10 ). The Lamb weather types show a seasonal distinct pattern for high (low) episodes of average O 3 and PM 10 concentrations, and these are clear related with the meteorology-air quality correlation analysis. Although using Correspondence to: M. Demuzere (matthias.demuzere@ees.kuleuven.be) a circulation type approach can provide important additional physical relations forward, our analysis reveals the circulation method is limited in terms of short-term air quality forecast for both O 3 and PM 10 (R 2 between 0.12 and 23%). In summary, it is concluded that the use of a regression model is more promising for short-term downscaling from climate scenarios than the use of a weather type classification approach.

show abstract

Section: Diurnal Seasonal and Annual Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O3 and PM10 levels at a rural mid-latitude site

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Clustering procedures group days with similar component scores and assign each day into a meteorologically homogeneous subset of the data (Greene et al, 1999;Kalkstein and Corrigan, 1986;Shahgedanova et al, 1998). The component scores matrix (number of days times the number of retained PCs) obtained from PCA served as the input matrix for cluster analysis.…”

Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A synoptic climatology of tropospheric ozone episodes in Sydney, Australia

Hart

Dear

Hyde

2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concentrations of tropospheric ozone often exceed Australian air quality goals in Sydney during summer. However, features in the occurrence of ozone in Sydney are yet to be fully explained. Meteorological conditions associated with ozone episodes in Sydney are caused by complex interactions between synoptic and meso-scale processes. This paper discusses the meteorological influences behind ozone pollution episodes in Sydney.A synoptic climatology of ozone episodes in Sydney was generated using multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and a two-stage cluster analysis, to classify days into meteorologically homogeneous synoptic categories. Surface and upper air meteorological data for warm months (Oct-Mar) over a 10-year period were used as input into the statistical analyses. Eleven synoptic categories were identified in Sydney during the warm season and ozone concentrations associated with each of the synoptic categories were investigated. One synoptic category was found to be associated almost exclusively with high pollution concentrations. High ozone concentrations were found to be associated with a high-pressure system located in the middle to eastern Tasman Sea producing light northwesterly gradient winds, an afternoon sea breeze, high afternoon temperatures, a shallow mixing height at the coast and warming aloft during the day.Over 90% of all days exceeding current air quality goals for ozone in Sydney fell within the synoptic category associated with the highest ozone concentrations. It is envisaged that results from this research will be useful to Australian regulatory bodies from both a forecast point of view and for the siting of future ozone precursor sources in Sydney and surrounding regions.

show abstract

“…These include such procedures as correlation-based map patterns (Lund, 1963), and a variety of eigenvector-based techniques (e.g. the temporal synoptic index (Kalkstein and Corrigan, 1986), which incorporates principal components analysis and cluster analysis). With all of these systems, once some initial thresholds are set, a computer then creates classification groups and assigns individual cases entirely based on statistical criteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The redevelopment of a weather‐type classification scheme for North America

Sheridan

2002

Intl Journal of Climatology

319

339

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synoptic weather-typing, or the classification of weather conditions into categories, is a useful tool for climate impact applications. Numerous procedures have been developed to accomplish this goal. Before the advent of high-speed computers, manual methods were most common; more recently, more automated methods have come into wide use. Both types of classification have shortcomings; manual methods are time consuming and difficult to reproduce, whereas automated methods may not produce easily interpretable results. Several recent methods have incorporated the advantages of both methodologies into a hybrid scheme.This paper describes the redevelopment of one such hybrid scheme, the Spatial Synoptic Classification (SSC). The SSC, originally developed in the mid-1990s, classifies each day at a location into one of six weather types, or a transition. It has been utilized for several applications, from climate trends to human health. Despite its utility, it has several shortcomings, most notably a lower-than-desired match percentage among adjacent stations and a framework that only allows for classification during winter and summer.The new SSC (SSC2) has been altered in several important ways. The most notable changes involve the procedure for selecting seed days, days that typify a particular weather type at a particular location. With the new procedures, the SSC can now produce weather-type classifications year-round, instead of only winter and summer. The spatial cohesiveness among stations has also been improved. The SSC has been expanded to include Canada, Alaska, and Hawaii in addition to the lower 48 US states. SSC calendars are now available for 327 stations with a mean length of 44.6 years, and are updated daily on a website. This paper also presents an important application of the redesigned SSC. It has been used in several heat-stress warning systems worldwide. The synoptic approach is considered to be superior to a traditional apparent temperature approach, as it considers more parameters in its holistic assessment. At each location, one or two of the weather types is associated with mortality levels significantly above the mean.

show abstract

A Synoptic Climatological Approach For Geographical Analysis: Assessment of Sulfur Dioxide Concentrations

Cited by 172 publications

References 16 publications

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> levels at a rural mid-latitude site

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> levels at a rural mid-latitude site

A synoptic climatology of tropospheric ozone episodes in Sydney, Australia

The redevelopment of a weather‐type classification scheme for North America

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A Synoptic Climatological Approach For Geographical Analysis: Assessment of Sulfur Dioxide Concentrations

Cited by 172 publications

References 16 publications

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; levels at a rural mid-latitude site

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; levels at a rural mid-latitude site

A synoptic climatology of tropospheric ozone episodes in Sydney, Australia

The redevelopment of a weather‐type classification scheme for North America

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> levels at a rural mid-latitude site

The impact of weather and atmospheric circulation on O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> levels at a rural mid-latitude site