A systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions to increase physical activity in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities

McGarty, Arlene; Downs, Samantha J.; Melville, Craig; Harris, Leanne

doi:10.1111/jir.12467

Cited by 52 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Interventions can target some modifiable physical, psychological, and environmental correlates identified in previous studies [48]. However, it was concluded in two recent systematic reviews [49, 50] that the effectiveness of this kind of interventions was not always sure, and future studies are required before giving recommendations for such interventions. In the literature, physical disability was rarely reported as a barrier, especially in relevant systematic reviews of quantitative studies [16–18, 20]; this may be because questions related to disabilities were not included in questionnaires measuring PA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of adolescents, parents, and teachers on barriers and facilitators of physical activity among school-age adolescents: a qualitative analysis

El-Ammari

Kazdouh

Bouftini

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background Physical activity levels are low among adolescents in Morocco; however, the influences on physical activity behavior of adolescents have not yet been explored in a qualitative study. Here, we explored potential social-ecological barriers and facilitators of physical activity in Moroccan adolescents with the goal of developing a successful intervention program aimed at improving their physical activity level. Methods For this study, we conducted 17 focus group discussions (100 participants, composed of 56 adolescents, 26 parents, and 18 teachers from two middle schools in Taza city, Morocco). Discussions during focus groups were facilitated by a semi-structured interview guide. Guide questions were underpinned by the social-ecological model as a theoretical framework. Data analysis was carried out by two coders using thematic analysis. Results We found that barriers and facilitators of physical activity in adolescents are organized into six themes that belong to different levels of the social-ecological model. Three themes belonged to the intrapersonal level (perceived motivating and limiting factors, physical activity awareness, and time constraints), two themes were classified into the interpersonal/cultural level (social support and gender and cultural norms), and one theme belonged to the environmental level (access to opportunities). Most of the themes were at the individual level, with each theme including both barriers and facilitators. Conclusions Adolescent participation in physical activity can be facilitated or hampered by many factors. Results from the focus group discussions showed that these factors belonged to different levels of the social-ecological model, but most were at the individual level. Our findings have several implications. First, they may offer suggestions for a tailored intervention program aimed at improving adolescent physical activity. Second, they can improve quantitative research by enriching the battery of questions of physical activity instruments (e.g., a question related to physical disability). Third, the proposed thematic map can contribute to understanding interactions and causal pathways in the social-ecological model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of adolescents, parents, and teachers on barriers and facilitators of physical activity among school-age adolescents: a qualitative analysis

El-Ammari

Kazdouh

Bouftini

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…Enjoyable interventions and appealing settings are recommended to increase the repertoire of leisure skills and the level of PA in children and adolescents with ID [1][2][3][4]40,52,65]. Nevertheless, a wide range of personal factors was identified to influence the participation in PA in the lifespan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of positive effects of PA in persons with intellectual disability (ID) include improvements in general health, such as physical fitness, bone metabolism, increased cardiovascular and respiratory muscle functions, and the control/prevention of obesity and coronary artery disease. Benefits in the social domain include functional independence and social inclusion, and benefits to psychological well-being include the increase of self-esteem, self-competence, self-efficacy, and positive self-perception [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sport Intervention Programs (SIPs) to Improve Health and Social Inclusion in People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Scifo

Borrego²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2019

JFMK

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Inactivity is a major issue that causes physical and psychological health problems, especially in people with intellectual disability (ID). This review discusses the beneficial effects of sport intervention programs (SIPs) in people with ID, and aims to provide an overview of the scientific literature in order to identify the main factors influencing the participation of people with ID in SIPs. Twelve papers were analyzed and compared. The results show a large variety in examined SIPs, concerning participants’ age and disability, intervention characteristics and context, as well as measures and findings. The main factors essential for people with ID partaking in SIPs appeared to be suitable places for the SIP development, adequate implementation of physical activity (PA) programs in school and extra-school contexts, education, and the training of teachers and instructors. The literature review highlights the relevance of using SIPs in order to improve physical and psychological health, as well as increase social inclusion in populations with ID. SIPs should be included in multifactor intervention programs. Nevertheless, the need is recognized for stakeholders to adopt specific practice and policy in promoting social inclusion in order to organize intervention strategies which are able to provide quality experiences in sport and physical activity for people with ID.

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“…More recently, a systematic review investigated the efficacy of interventions to increase physical activity in children and adolescents; however, adults were not included (McGarty et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity in individuals with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

Hassan

Landorf

Shields

et al. 2018

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background People with intellectual disabilities (ID) often do not meet recommended guidelines for physical activity. The aim of this study was to systematically review available evidence that evaluated the effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity in individuals with ID. Method Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched from inception of the database to July 2017 to identify randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of interventions to improve physical activity among people with ID. Trials were included if they measured at least one objective measure of physical activity. Quality appraisal was completed by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The magnitude of treatment effect was estimated for each intervention by calculating the standardised mean difference (SMD) and associated 95% confidence interval. Results Nine randomised controlled trials (976 participants, 501 women, age range 9 months to 83 years) were included. Four trials evaluated unimodal interventions and five trials evaluated multimodal health promotion programmes based on using supportive environments to enable sustained behavioural changes in physical activity. None of the trials were rated as low risk of bias as all had at least one item on the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool that was considered to be high risk. No trials were able to implement participant blinding. Three trials found statistically significant beneficial effects of interventions for increasing physical activity. Results showed that a 10‐week progressive resistance training programme led to maintenance of physical activity levels at 24 weeks in adolescents with Down syndrome (SMD 0.78, 95% CI 0.17 to 1.40). Additionally, a 12‐ to 16‐month multicomponent diet and physical activity programme produced improvement in physical activity at programme completion in adults with ID (reported effect size of 0.29). Finally, an 8‐month physical activity and fitness programme increased physical activity at 8 months in adults with ID (SMD 0.91, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.60). Findings regarding other interventions were inconclusive with small effects that were not statistically significant. Conclusions There is inconsistent evidence of the effects of interventions for improving physical activity levels in individuals with ID. A progressive resistance training programme was found to maintain physical activity levels in adolescents with Down syndrome, while a multicomponent diet and physical activity programme and a physical activity and fitness programme were found to improve physical activity levels in adults with ID. Future trials using rigorous research designs are required to confirm these findings and establish whether other interventions designed to increase physical activity in people with ID are effective.

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A systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions to increase physical activity in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities

Abstract: There is a lack of studies which aim to increase PA levels in children and adolescents with ID, with current interventions ineffective. Future studies are required before accurate recommendations for appropriate intervention design and components can be made.

Cited by 52 publications

References 48 publications

Perspectives of adolescents, parents, and teachers on barriers and facilitators of physical activity among school-age adolescents: a qualitative analysis

Perspectives of adolescents, parents, and teachers on barriers and facilitators of physical activity among school-age adolescents: a qualitative analysis

Sport Intervention Programs (SIPs) to Improve Health and Social Inclusion in People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity in individuals with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

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