A systematic review of methods for studying the impacts of outdoor recreation on terrestrial wildlife

Marion, Solène; Davies, Althea; Demšar, Urška; Irvine, R. Justin; Stephens, Philip A.; Long, Jed A.

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00917

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Estimating the level of recreation along linear features with, for example, human counters 31 or camera traps requires vast resources if it is to be done at a scale relevant for large carnivores. Today, ubiquitous smartphones and smartwatches with built-in GPS-loggers have opened up new possibilities to obtain proxies for human activity at large spatial scales 32 . Users of certain software applications (apps), like the training app Strava ( www.strava.com ), agree to share their spatial locations with the company.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smartphone app reveals that lynx avoid human recreationists on local scale, but not home range scale

Thorsen

Bischof

Mattisson

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Outdoor recreation is increasing and affects habitat use and selection by wildlife. These effects are challenging to study, especially for elusive species with large spatial requirements, as it is hard to obtain reliable proxies of recreational intensity over extensive areas. Commonly used proxies, such as the density of, or distance to, hiking paths, ignore outdoor recreation occurring on other linear feature types. Here we utilized crowdsourced data from the Strava training app to obtain a large-scale proxy for pedestrian outdoor recreation intensity in southeast Norway. We used the proxy and GPS-tracking data from collared Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) to investigate how recreation affects habitat selection at the home range scale and local scale by lynx during summer. We fitted resource selection functions at the two scales using conditional logistic regression. Our analysis revealed that lynx avoided areas of recreational activity at the local scale, but not at home range scale. Nonetheless, lynx frequently used areas associated with recreation, and to a greater degree at night than during the day. Our results suggest that local-scale avoidance of recreation and temporal adjustments of habitat use by lynx mitigate the need for a home range-scale response towards recreation. Scale-dependent responses and temporal adjustments in habitat use may facilitate coexistence between humans and large carnivores.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smartphone app reveals that lynx avoid human recreationists on local scale, but not home range scale

Thorsen

Bischof

Mattisson

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…In each case, tourism generates only one component of disturbance, so new evidence will only be reliable where monitoring programs have fine spatial and temporal resolution. Reviews of recreation ecology research have shown that similar stresses may produce different outcomes in different ecosystems, and hence in different tourism destinations (Buckley 2013;Marion et al 2020;Monz, Pickering, and Hadwen 2013). The COVID-19 lockdowns have produced similar relaxations of such stresses in many different ecosystems simultaneously.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pandemic Travel Restrictions Provide a Test of Net Ecological Effects of Ecotourism and New Research Opportunities

Buckley

2020

Journal of Travel Research

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“…Marion et al. (2020) provide an up‐to‐date review of methods for studying human–wildlife interactions using camera traps and telemetry data, with recommendations potentially applicable to studying biotic interactions in phenology research. It is evident that such interdisciplinary approaches are needed in this emerging research field.…”

Section: Emerging Opportunities and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the methods for studying biotic interactions in phenological analyses

Cerro

Holloway

2020

Methods Ecol Evol

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Phenological events play a key role modulating ecosystem services; however, the complex and interlinked nature of ecosystems indicates that interactions among different taxa during phenological events can have consequences for the entire ecosystem. Currently, there is a lack of a unified criteria on the methodologies studying phenology and biotic interactions. We performed an extensive integrative review of works evaluating phenology and biotic interactions. We identified four broad categories of studies that have explored biotic interactions within phenology research: (a) spatial and temporal asynchronies, (b) biotic factors as covariates, (c) simulation studies and (d) interaction indices. We found that spring phenology has received much more attention than any other season, while mutualistic and obligated interactions, as well as trophic interactions and networks have been explored more routinely than facilitation or competition. Authors tend to interpret coexistence among species as biotic interactions without any direct measurement, particularly in spatial and temporal asynchrony studies, but this also occurs to a certain extent in all categories. We also found a lack of formal examination in most studies exploring phenological mismatches in response to climate change. We propose a conceptual framework for the inclusion of phenology in the study of biotic interactions that apportions research into the conceptualisation and modelling of biotic interactions. Conceptualisation explores phenological data, types of interactions and the spatiotemporal dimensions, which all determine the representation for biotic interactions within the modelling framework, and the type of models that are applicable. Finally, we identify emerging opportunities to investigate biotic interactions in phenology research, including spatially and temporally explicit species distribution models as proxies for phenological events and the combination of novel technologies (e.g. acoustic recorders, telemetry data) to quantify interactions.

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A systematic review of methods for studying the impacts of outdoor recreation on terrestrial wildlife

Cited by 28 publications

References 72 publications

Smartphone app reveals that lynx avoid human recreationists on local scale, but not home range scale

Smartphone app reveals that lynx avoid human recreationists on local scale, but not home range scale

Pandemic Travel Restrictions Provide a Test of Net Ecological Effects of Ecotourism and New Research Opportunities

A review of the methods for studying biotic interactions in phenological analyses

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