A Systematic Review of Multivitamin–Multimineral Use and Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Incidence and Total Mortality

Alexander, Dominik D.; Weed, Douglas L.; Chang, Ellen T.; Miller, Paige E.; Mohamed, Muhima; Elkayam, Laura

doi:10.1080/07315724.2013.839909

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition, vitamin/mineral supplements were shown to have beneficial effects in nutritionally deficient patients in China [ 31 , 32 ]. On the other hand, a cohort study in Japan [ 33 ] and a systematic review of vitamin/mineral supplements [ 34 ] showed that vitamin/mineral supplements did not affect the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cancer or total mortality. It still remains unclear whether excessive amounts of vitamins/minerals are beneficial or harmful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant Use of Dietary Supplements and Medicines in Patients due to Miscommunication with Physicians in Japan

et al. 2015

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We previously reported that some patients used dietary supplements with their medication without consulting with physicians. Dietary supplements and medicines may interact with each other when used concomitantly, resulting in health problems. An Internet survey was conducted on 2109 people who concomitantly took dietary supplements and medicines in order to address dietary supplement usage in people who regularly take medicines in Japan. A total of 1508 patients (two admitted patients and 1506 ambulatory patients) and 601 non-patients, who were not consulting with physicians, participated in this study. Purpose for dietary supplement use was different among ages. Dietary supplements were used to treat diseases in 4.0% of non-patients and 11.9% of patients, while 10.8% of patients used dietary supplements to treat the same diseases as their medication. However, 70.3% of patients did not declare dietary supplement use to their physicians or pharmacists because they considered the concomitant use of dietary supplements and medicines to be safe. A total of 8.4% of all subjects realized the potential for adverse effects associated with dietary supplements. The incidence of adverse events was higher in patients who used dietary supplements to treat their disease. Communication between patients and physicians is important for avoiding the adverse effects associated with the concomitant use of dietary supplements and medicines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant Use of Dietary Supplements and Medicines in Patients due to Miscommunication with Physicians in Japan

et al. 2015

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“…In the recent Physicians’ Health Study II, a trial of over 14,000 male physicians that took a daily MVM for over ten years, no serious adverse effects were found [ 12 ]. Furthermore, a 2013 systematic review of available scientific evidence showed that supplementation with a MVM does not increase all-cause mortality, cancer incidence or mortality, or CVD incidence or mortality [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer attitudes about the role of multivitamins and other dietary supplements: report of a survey

Dickinson¹,

Mackay

Wong

2015

Nutr J

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BackgroundU.S. nutrition surveys find that intakes of many nutrients fall short of recommendations. The majority of U.S. adults use multivitamins and other dietary supplements as one means of improving nutrient intakes. Some policy makers and health professionals appear reluctant to recommend routine use of dietary supplements to fill nutrient gaps in the diet, in part because they are concerned that people will view the supplements as a substitute for dietary improvement and that the use of supplements may lead to overconsumption of micronutrients. Surveys find that in fact users of dietary supplements tend to have better diets and adopt other healthy habits, suggesting that the supplements are viewed as one aspect of an overall effort to improve wellness. Furthermore, evidence demonstrates that the incidence of excess micronutrient intake is low. We report the results of a survey probing consumer attitudes about the role of dietary supplements.MethodsThe Council for Responsible Nutrition funded a survey to measure consumer attitudes about the role of multivitamins, calcium and/or vitamin D supplements, and other supplements in improving dietary intakes. The research was designed and analyzed by FoodMinds and was fielded using Toluna’s On-line Omnibus. The weighted sample of 2159 respondents is representative of U.S. adults.ResultsNearly 90 % of the survey respondents agreed that multivitamins and supplements of calcium and/or vitamin D can help meet nutrient needs when desirable intakes are not achieved through food alone. At the same time, 80 % agreed that dietary supplements should not be used to replace healthy dietary or lifestyle habits, and 82 % agreed that people considering taking a high dose, single nutrient supplement should talk with their physician.ConclusionsThese results provide additional support for the conclusion that the vast majority of consumers recognize that multivitamins and other supplements can help fill nutrient gaps but should not be viewed as replacements for a healthy diet. This suggests that policy makers and health professionals could feel comfortable recommending rational dietary supplementation as one means of improving nutrient intakes, without being unduly concerned that such a recommendation would lead consumers to discount the importance of good dietary habits.

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“…However, data from epidemiologic studies of red meat intake and CRC have not supported clearly the notion that there is an underlying biological mechanism of action. A handful of metaanalyses on this topic have been published over the past decade, and in general, all have produced similar summary estimates (i.e., weak positive associations) based on similar analytical strategies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Thus, in the current review, we took a different approach to reviewing the evidence by more thoroughly and transparently examining study-specific associations by intake category.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Meat and Colorectal Cancer: A Quantitative Update on the State of the Epidemiologic Science

Alexander

Weed²,

Miller

et al. 2015

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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The potential relationship between red meat consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been the subject of scientific debate. Given the high degree of resulting uncertainty, our objective was to update the state of the science by conducting a systematic quantitative assessment of the epidemiologic literature. Specifically, we updated and expanded our previous meta-analysis by integrating data from new prospective cohort studies and conducting a broader evaluation of the relative risk estimates by specific intake categories. Data from 27 independent prospective cohort studies were meta-analyzed using random-effects models, and sources of potential heterogeneity were examined through subgroup and sensitivity analyses. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation of potential dose-response patterns was conducted. In the meta-analysis of all cohorts, a weakly elevated summary relative risk was observed (1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.19); however, statistically significant heterogeneity was present. In general, summary associations were attenuated (closer to the null and less heterogeneous) in models that isolated fresh red meat (from processed meat), adjusted for more relevant factors, analyzed women only, and were conducted in countries outside of the United States. Furthermore, no clear patterns of dose-response were apparent. In conclusion, the state of the epidemiologic science on red meat consumption and CRC is best described in terms of weak associations, heterogeneity, an inability to disentangle effects from other dietary and lifestyle factors, lack of a clear dose-response effect, and weakening evidence over time. Key Teaching Points: •The role of red meat consumption in colorectal cancer risk has been widely contested among the scientific community.•In the current meta-analysis of red meat intake and colorectal cancer, we comprehensively examined associations by creating numerous sub-group stratifications, conducting extensive sensitivity analyses, and evaluating dose-response using several different methods.•Overall, all summary associations were weak in magnitude with no clear dose-response patterns.•Interpretation of findings from epidemiologic studies investigating diet and health outcomes involves numerous methodological considerations, such as accurately measuring food intake, dietary pattern differences across populations, food definitions, outcome classifications, bias and confounding, multicollinearity, biological mechanisms, genetic variation in metabolizing enzymes, and differences in analytical metrics and statistical testing parameters.

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A Systematic Review of Multivitamin–Multimineral Use and Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Incidence and Total Mortality

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Concomitant Use of Dietary Supplements and Medicines in Patients due to Miscommunication with Physicians in Japan

Concomitant Use of Dietary Supplements and Medicines in Patients due to Miscommunication with Physicians in Japan

Consumer attitudes about the role of multivitamins and other dietary supplements: report of a survey

Red Meat and Colorectal Cancer: A Quantitative Update on the State of the Epidemiologic Science

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