A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs Among Youth in the United States: A Social Ecological Perspective

Nargiso, Jessica E.; Ballard, Erica L.; Skeer, Margie R.

doi:10.15288/jsad.2015.76.5

Cited by 99 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…Among users, disorders increased among those aged 18–34 (Martins et al, 2017). While several studies have investigated NMPO use in specific age groups, especially adolescents, college students (Boyd et al, 2009; McCabe et al, 2013; McCabe et al, 2014; Nargiso et al, 2015) or older adults (Schepis and McCabe, 2016), rarely have use patterns been examined by age over time in the same sample (Han et al, 2015; Jones, 2017; Martins et al, 2017; Miech et al, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related patterns in nonmedical prescription opioid use and disorder in the US population at ages 12-34 from 2002 to 2014*

Griesler²,

Wall

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Objectives To estimate age-related patterns in nonmedical prescription opioid (NMPO) use in the US population and disorder among past-year users at ages 12–34 between 2002–2014, controlling for period and birth-cohort effects. Methods Data are from 13 consecutive cross-sectional National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (N = 542,556). Synthetic longitudinal cohorts spanning ages 12–34 were created and an age-period-cohort analysis was implemented based on the Intrinsic Estimator algorithm. Results In every birth cohort, past-year NMPO use increases during adolescence, peaks at ages 18–21, decreases through ages 30–34; disorder among past-year users increases from ages 18–21 through 30–34. Use at ages 12–34 decreased from the 1984–87 birth cohorts to more recently-born cohorts. Peak prevalence of use at ages 18–21 has also decreased, and the rates of increase from ages 14–17 to ages 18–21 are slowing down. Disorder at ages 18–34 increased from the 1976–79 to 1992–95 cohorts, but decreased at ages 12–17 from the 1992–95 to the most recently-born 2000–02 cohorts. The years 2010–2014 were characterized by lower NMPO use but higher disorder than 2002–2009. Conclusions Increasing NMPO disorder among users aged 18–34 warrants concern. However, declining NMPO use among 12–34 year-olds, a declining rate of increase from adolescence to early adulthood, and a suggestive decline in disorder among the most recent adolescent cohorts may forecast a potential reduction in the public health crisis associated with NMPO drugs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related patterns in nonmedical prescription opioid use and disorder in the US population at ages 12-34 from 2002 to 2014*

Griesler²,

Wall

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…Although low resistance self-efficacy is likely relevant to NMPDU, popularity may be less of a risk factor for NMPDU than substances typically used in social settings such as alcohol. Both of these individual factors have been understudied in the context of NMPDU (Nargiso et al, 2015). Peer factors associated with adolescent NMPDU include exposure to drug use and pro-drug attitudes (Ford, 2008a; Ford and Hill, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the first study to specifically focus on NMPDU initiation during middle school, identifying both correlates of initiation and high school outcomes associated with early initiation, addressing the critical need for longitudinal research in this area (Nargiso et al, 2015; Young et al, 2012). We followed a diverse cohort of middle school students over 4 years (6 waves of data) to address the following research questions: First, to what extent do time-varying individual factors (resistance self-efficacy, perceived popularity), family factors (family substance use, parental respect), and peer factors (offers, approval, and perceived prevalence of substance use) predict initiation of NMPDU during the middle school years?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and consequences of prescription drug misuse during middle school

Tucker

Ewing

Miles

et al. 2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Objectives Non-medical prescription drug use (NMPDU) is a growing public health problem among adolescents. This is the first study to examine the correlates of early NMPDU initiation during middle school, and how early initiation is associated with four domains of functioning in high school (mental health, social, academic, and delinquency). Methods Students initially in 6th-8th grades from 16 middle schools completed in-school surveys between 2008 and 2011 (Waves 1-5), and a web-based survey in 2013-2014 (Wave 6). We used discrete time survival analysis to assess predictors of initiation from Waves 1-5 based on students who provided NMPDU information at any of these waves (n=12,904), and regression analysis to examine high school outcomes associated with initiation based on a sample that was followed into high school, Wave 6 (n=2,539). Results Low resistance self-efficacy, family substance use, low parental respect, and offers of other substances from peers were consistently associated with NMPDU initiation throughout middle school. Further, perceiving that more of one's peers engaged in other substance use was associated with initiation at Wave 1 only. By high school, those students who initiated NMPDU during middle school reported lower social functioning, and more suspensions and fighting, compared to students who did not initiate NMPDU during middle school. Conclusion NMPDU initiation during middle school is associated with poorer social functioning and greater delinquency in high school. It is important for middle school prevention programs to address NMPDU. Such programs should focus on both family and peer influences, as well as strengthening resistance self-efficacy.

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“…A recent systematic review examined risk and protective factors associated with NMUPD among youth aged 14 to 24 from a social ecological perspective and included 7 longitudinal studies, 36 cross-sectional studies, and 7 reviews (Nargiso et al, 2015). In the interpersonal domain related to peers, the review found that peer approval of substance use (an injunctive norm) and NMUPD were strongly associated, and that a close friend’s use of substances (a descriptive norm) was one of the strongest and most consistent risk factors for NMUPD (Nargiso et al, 2015). Several of the studies included in the review analyzed data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and the majority of the others used convenience samples from schools and colleges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and injunctive network norms associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs among homeless youth

Barman‐Adhikari

Tayyib

Begun

et al. 2017

Addictive Behaviors

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Background Nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) among youth and young adults is being increasingly recognized as a significant public health problem. Homeless youth in particular are more likely to engage in NMUPD compared to housed youth. Studies suggest that network norms are strongly associated with a range of substance use behaviors. However, evidence regarding the association between network norms and NMUPD is scarce. We sought to understand whether social network norms of NMUPD are associated with engagement in NMUPD among homeless youth. Methods 1,046 homeless youth were recruited from three drop-in centers in Los Angeles, CA and were interviewed regarding their individual and social network characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to evaluate the significance of associations between social norms (descriptive and injunctive) and self-reported NMUPD. Results Approximately 25% of youth reported past 30-day NMUPD. However, more youth (32.28%) of youth believed that their network members engage in NMUPD, perhaps suggesting some pluralistic ignorance bias. Both descriptive and injunctive norms were associated with self-reported NMUPD among homeless youth. However, these varied by network type, with presence of NMUPD engaged street-based and home-based peers (descriptive norm) increasing the likelihood of NMUPD, while objections from family-members (injunctive norm) decreasing that likelihood. Conclusions Our findings suggest that, like other substance use behaviors, NMUPD is also influenced by youths’ perceptions of the behaviors of their social network members. Therefore, prevention and interventions programs designed to influence NMUPD might benefit from taking a social network norms approach.

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A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs Among Youth in the United States: A Social Ecological Perspective

Cited by 99 publications

References 58 publications

Age-related patterns in nonmedical prescription opioid use and disorder in the US population at ages 12-34 from 2002 to 2014*

Age-related patterns in nonmedical prescription opioid use and disorder in the US population at ages 12-34 from 2002 to 2014*

Predictors and consequences of prescription drug misuse during middle school

Descriptive and injunctive network norms associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs among homeless youth

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