A systematic review of the social and economic burden of influenza in low- and middle-income countries

Francisco, Natasha de; Donadel, Morgane; Jit, Mark; Hutubessy, Raymond

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.066

Cited by 112 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Influenza is a respiratory disease responsible for substantial increase in morbidity, mortality and costs during seasonal epidemics and pandemics 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that annually seasonal influenza epidemics result in an estimated 3‐5 million cases of severe disease and 250 000‐500 00 deaths 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating burden of influenza‐associated influenza‐like illness and severe acute respiratory infection at public healthcare facilities in Romania during the 2011/12‐2015/16 influenza seasons

Gefenaitė

Pistol

Popescu

et al. 2017

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundInfluenza is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, but there is limited information on reliable disease burden estimates, especially from middle‐income countries in the WHO European Region.ObjectivesTo estimate the incidence of medically attended influenza‐associated influenza‐like illness (ILI) and hospitalizations due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) presenting to public healthcare facilities in Romania.Patients/MethodsSentinel influenza surveillance data for ILI and SARI from 2011/12‐2015/16, including virological data, were used to estimate influenza‐associated ILI and SARI incidence/100 000 and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsThe overall annual incidence of ILI and influenza‐associated ILI per 100 000 persons in Romania varied between 68 (95% CI: 61‐76) and 318 (95% CI: 298‐338) and between 23 (95% CI: 19‐29) and 189 (95% CI: 149‐240), respectively. The highest ILI and influenza incidence was among children aged 0‐4 years. We estimated that SARI incidence per 100 000 persons was 6 (95% CI: 5‐7) to 9 (95% CI: 8‐10), of which 2 (95% CI: 1‐2) to 3 (95% CI: 2‐4) were due to influenza. Up to 0.3% of the Romanian population were annually reported with ILI, and 0.01% was hospitalized with SARI, of which as much as one‐third could be explained by influenza.ConclusionsThis evaluation was the first study estimating influenza burden in Romania. We found that during each influenza season, a substantial number of persons in Romania suffer from influenza‐related ILI or are hospitalized due to influenza‐associated SARI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating burden of influenza‐associated influenza‐like illness and severe acute respiratory infection at public healthcare facilities in Romania during the 2011/12‐2015/16 influenza seasons

Gefenaitė

Pistol

Popescu

et al. 2017

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…In lower and middle-income countries, influenza could result in large economic burden encompassing direct costs to the health service and households, and indirect costs of productivity losses [2,3]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015

Cheng

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Given the rapid rate of global spread and consequently healthcare costs related to influenza, surveillance plays an important role in monitoring the emerging pandemics in China. However, the characteristics of influenza in Southeast of China haven’t been fully studied. Our study use the surveillance data collected from 16 sentinel hospitals across Zhejiang Province during March 2011 through June 2015, including the demographic information and respiratory specimens from influenza-like illness (ILI) patients and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients. As analysis results, most SARI and ILI patients were in the age group of 0–4 years old (62.38% of ILI and 71.54% of SARI). The respiratory specimens have statistically significantly higher positive rate for influenza among ILI patients than that among SARI patients (p < 0.001). The comparison between ILI patients and SARI patients shows no statistically significantly difference in detecting influenza virus type and influenza A virus subtype. The SARI and ILI patients were found to be positively correlated for overall positive rate (r = 0.63, p < 0.001), the weekly percentage of A(H1N1)pdm09 (r = 0.51, p < 0.001), influenza B virus (r = 0.17, p = 0.013), and A/H3N2 (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) among all the positive numbers. Our study demonstrated that the activities of influenza virus, including its subtypes, had a similar temporal pattern between ILI and SARI cases.

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“…A surveillance system that targets the medically attended population can provide a solid range of incidence estimates for both individuals who receive medical attention and those who do not; however, the nature of such systems inherently includes the potential for underestimating overall incidence. Influenza episodes that do not receive medical attention lead to fewer direct economic losses than medically attended cases, but they impact indirect costs, such as productivity costs . Therefore, it is important to explore disease burden estimates in terms of both direct and indirect costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus incidences with fraction modeling approach in Baguio City, the Philippines, 2012‐2014

Kamigaki

Aldey

Mercado

et al. 2017

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundEstimation of the incidences of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is important for disease control. Previous estimate in the city showed a substantial burden of influenza in both outpatients and inpatients while it did not account for individuals who do not seek medical attention nor RSV.Patients/MethodsA total of 17 674 influenza‐like illness (ILI) and 13 242 severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) cases were recruited, and samples were collected from 6267 and 2962 of ILI and SARI cases, respectively. RT‐PCR assays were performed to detect influenza and RSV in the samples. A health‐seeking behavior survey was conducted from February 2014 to April 2014 to estimate the fraction of infected individuals who did not seek medical attention between rainy and dry season.ResultsAverage influenza and RSV incidence rates in outpatients were 1.6 and 1.4 per 1000 individuals, respectively, and the highest incidence rate for both viruses was found in the of 6‐23 month age group. Average influenza and RSV hospitalization incidence rates were 1.7 and 1.9 per 1000 individuals, respectively. Further, we estimated that the incidence rates of influenza and RSV in individuals who did not seek medical attention were threefold and 1.6‐fold those in the medically attended population.ConclusionsRespiratory syncytial virus and influenza pose a substantial disease burden, particularly in hospitalized cases. The implementation of either a community‐based approach or an enhanced surveillance system in combination with a community survey will allow a better understanding of the disease burdens of RSV and influenza in the Philippines.

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A systematic review of the social and economic burden of influenza in low- and middle-income countries

Cited by 112 publications

References 41 publications

Estimating burden of influenza‐associated influenza‐like illness and severe acute respiratory infection at public healthcare facilities in Romania during the 2011/12‐2015/16 influenza seasons

Estimating burden of influenza‐associated influenza‐like illness and severe acute respiratory infection at public healthcare facilities in Romania during the 2011/12‐2015/16 influenza seasons

Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015

Estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus incidences with fraction modeling approach in Baguio City, the Philippines, 2012‐2014

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