A Systematic Review of the Outcome of Child Abuse in Long-Term Care

Carr, Alan; Duff, Hollie; Craddock, Fiona

doi:10.1177/1524838018789154

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Regarding the descriptive statistics, the risk group mostly showed lower levels of resilience resources, higher stress levels (stress load and stress symptoms), as well as lower well-being. This was as expected and in line with previous studies on other ELA survivors (Nurius et al, 2015;Carr et al, 2018).…”

Section: Ela and Resource Interconnectivitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Resilience and Stress in Later Life: A Network Analysis Approach Depicting Complex Interactions of Resilience Resources and Stress-Related Risk Factors in Older Adults

Thoma

Höltge

Eising

et al. 2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Background Emerging systemic approaches on resilience propose that a person’s or group’s adaptability to significant stress relies on a network of interdependent resources. However, little knowledge exists on systemic resilience in older survivors of early-life adversity (ELA) and how ELA affects their resource network in later life. Objective This study investigated how ELA may be linked to the interplay of resources and stress-related risk factors in later life. Research Design and Methods Data from N = 235 older adults ( M age = 70.43 years; 46.40% female) were assessed. Half the participants were affected by ELA through compulsory social measures and placements in childhood, and/or adolescence (“risk group”). The other half were age-matched, non-affected participants (“control group”). Using psychometric instruments, a set of resilience-supporting resources in later life and current stress indices were assessed. Regularized partial correlation networks examined the interplay of resources in both groups, whilst also considering the impact of stress. Results Both groups demonstrated only positive resource interrelations. Although the control group showed more possible resource connections, the groups did not significantly differ in the overall strength of connections. While group-specific resource interrelations were identified, self-esteem was observed to be the most important resource for the network interconnectedness of both groups. The risk group network showed a higher vulnerability to current stress. Discussion and Implications Network analysis is a useful approach in the examination of the complex interrelationships between resilience resources and stress-related risk factors in older adulthood.

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Section: Ela and Resource Interconnectivitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Resilience and Stress in Later Life: A Network Analysis Approach Depicting Complex Interactions of Resilience Resources and Stress-Related Risk Factors in Older Adults

Thoma

Höltge

Eising

et al. 2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…Results supported that CSA survivors have a significantly higher risk of medical, psychological, behavioural, interpersonal and social difficulties (Maniglio, ). Two recent reviews by Carr, Duff, and Craddock (, ) similarly found that CSA survivors were at a higher risk of a range of psychosocial, physical and mental health difficulties. Systemic reviews have also specifically established that CSA is a risk factor for depression, anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (Amado, Arce, & Herraiz, ; Hillberg, Hamilton‐Giachritsis, & Dixon, ); sexual exploitation (De Vries & Goggin, ), intimate partner violence (Li, Zhao, & Yu, ), suicidality (Angelakis, Gillespie & Panagioti, ), substance abuse (Halpern et al, ), and educational difficulties (Fry et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Systemic reviews have also specifically established that CSA is a risk factor for depression, anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (Amado, Arce, & Herraiz, ; Hillberg, Hamilton‐Giachritsis, & Dixon, ); sexual exploitation (De Vries & Goggin, ), intimate partner violence (Li, Zhao, & Yu, ), suicidality (Angelakis, Gillespie & Panagioti, ), substance abuse (Halpern et al, ), and educational difficulties (Fry et al, ). Reviews have also demonstrated a range of psychosocial protective factors that can help reduce risk, including family and social supports, personal attributes, active coping style, a sense of personal influence, and externalising blame for the abuse (Carr, Duff, & Craddock, , ). No systematic review has been identified specifically focused on shame for adult survivors of CSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of adult survivors’ experiences of shame following sexual abuse in childhood

MacGinley

Breckenridge

Mowll

2019

Health Soc Care Community

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Shame following childhood sexual abuse (CSA) can be intensely painful and destructive to one's sense of self and place in the world. Organised around an internalised core belief of worthlessness, extreme shame presents as a major therapeutic challenge in therapy with many CSA survivors. A range of clinical and empirical literature, alongside recounts of survivors lived experience, shows that shame is an effect of CSA for many survivors. Yet research has rarely focused specifically on survivors’ qualitative or lived experiences of shame. This article reports the results of a scoping review of the empirical research investigating adult survivors’ experiences of shame following sexual abuse in their childhood. Conducted in March 2018, the search strategy involved on‐line searches of English language, peer review and select grey literature repositories for articles published up to the end of 2017. Of the 28 peer reviewed studies included in the review, only three studies specifically investigate adult survivors lived experiences of shame. The synthesised findings from the studies identify five themes demonstrating the pervasive and detrimental influence of shame following CSA: (1) Psychological effects and trauma symptoms; (2) Relationships and social connections and disconnections; (3) Disclosure; (4) Self concept; and, (5) The process of recovery. These findings resonate with conceptual literature and broader research on the influence of shame following violence and highlight areas for future research and clinical practice. This scoping review identifies three key gaps: a need for further research across specific populations and groups; research evaluating therapeutic interventions responding to shame; and research that specifically investigates adult survivors’ lived experiences of shame following CSA.

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“…The second paper is a review of review papers on the outcome of severe neglect in orphanages which care for large groups of children, with inadequate and unstable staffing, and limited physical resources (Carr et al, 2020a). The third paper is a review of studies of outcomes for survivors of child maltreatment which occurred in long-term residential care (Carr et al, 2020b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Reviews of the Outcome of Noninstitutional Child Maltreatment

Carr

Duff

Craddock

2018

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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127

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The aim of the systematic review described in this article was to synthesize available high-quality evidence on the outcomes of noninstitutional child maltreatment across the life span. A systematic review of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted. Ten databases were searched. One hundred eleven papers which met stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for review. Papers were included if they reported systematic reviews and meta-analyses of longitudinal or cross-sectional controlled studies, or single-group cohort primary studies of the outcomes of child maltreatment in the domains of physical and mental health and psychosocial adjustment of individuals who were children lived mainly with their families. Using AMSTAR criteria, selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses were found to be of moderate or high quality. Searches, study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessments were independently conducted by two researchers, with a high degree of interrater reliability. The 111 systematic reviews and meta-analyses reviewed in this article covered 2,534 independent primary studies involving 30,375,962 participants, of whom more than 518,022 had been maltreated. The magnitude and quality of this evidence base allow considerable confidence to be placed in obtained results. Significant associations were found between a history of child maltreatment and adjustment in the domains of physical health, mental health, and psychosocial adjustment in a very wide range of areas. The many adverse outcomes associated with child maltreatment documented in this review highlight the importance of implementing evidence-based child protection policies and practices to prevent maltreatment and treat child abuse survivors.

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A Systematic Review of the Outcome of Child Abuse in Long-Term Care

Cited by 47 publications

References 59 publications

Resilience and Stress in Later Life: A Network Analysis Approach Depicting Complex Interactions of Resilience Resources and Stress-Related Risk Factors in Older Adults

Resilience and Stress in Later Life: A Network Analysis Approach Depicting Complex Interactions of Resilience Resources and Stress-Related Risk Factors in Older Adults

A scoping review of adult survivors’ experiences of shame following sexual abuse in childhood

A Systematic Review of Reviews of the Outcome of Noninstitutional Child Maltreatment

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