A systematic study of photoionization of free lanthanide atoms in the 4d giant resonance region

Kutluk, G.; Ishijima, H.; Kanno, Masayoshi; Nagata, Tetsuo; Domondon, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.elspec.2008.11.004

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Photoabsorption [16][17][18][19], electron scattering [20,21], and inelastic x-ray scattering [22] by lanthanides near the 3d and 4d electron edges are important tools for understanding magnetic materials. They reveal atomic-like 4f features that show effects of orbital collapse similar to those we study here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation effects in La, Ce, and lanthanide ions

Safronova

Clark

2015

Phys. Rev. A

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We carry out a comprehensive study of higher-order correlation effects to the excitation energies of La, La + , Ce, Ce + , Ce 2+ , and Ce 3+. The calculations are carried out using two hybrid approaches that combine configuration interaction with second-order perturbation theory and the linearized coupled-cluster all-order method. Use of two approaches allows us to isolate the effects of thirdand higher-order corrections for various configurations. We also study the contribution of higher partial waves and investigate methods to extrapolate the effect of omitted partial waves. The effects of the higher partial waves for the monovalent configuration of La 2+ and Ce 3+ are compared with analogous effects in multivalent configurations of La, La + , Ce, Ce + , and Ce 2+. Tests of our extrapolation techniques are carried out for several Cd-like lanthanide ions. The results of the present studies are of particular interest to the development of high-precision methods for treatment of systems with partially filled nf shells that are of current experimental interest for a diverse set of applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation effects in La, Ce, and lanthanide ions

Safronova

Clark

2015

Phys. Rev. A

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“…As described by Filevich et al [13], EUV emission from laser-produced plasmas creates a cold plasma on the target surface dominated by low ion stages. As the photoabsorption profile of neutral to 3 times ionized Gd consists of giant resonances in the 7−9 nm range with cross sections up to tens of Mb [14][15][16], radiation trapping by low ion stages may considerably reduce the observed intensity in this region. …”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of viewing angle on the spectral behavior of a Gd plasma source near 6.7 nm

O’Gorman

Ôtsuka

Yugami

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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We have demonstrated the effect of viewing angle on the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission spectra of gadolinium (Gd) near 6.7 nm. The spectra are shown to have a strong dependence on viewing angle when produced with a laser pulse duration of 10 ns, which may be attributed to absorption by low ion stages of Gd and an angular variation in the ion distribution. Absorption effects are less pronounced at a 150-ps pulse duration due to reduced opacity resulting from plasma expansion. Thus for evaluating source intensity, it is necessary to allow for variation with both viewing angle and target orientation.

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“…However, the 5d and 6s emissions can be clearly distinguished from the 4f emission from free atoms of rare earth metals by photoelectron spectroscopy. [10,11] The divalent and trivalent features of the spectra presented here are of the Sm over-layers with coverage higher than 1.0 Å. These features are different in comparison to those of the Sm over-layers on singlecrystal substrate systems of Sm/Ta (110) and Sm/Mo.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…[17,18] At a low coverage of 0.3-0.6 Å, the global feature of the 4f emission spectra is comparable with the spectrum of the free Sm atom with an initial divalent state of 4f 6 6s 2 . [10] The 4f 5 and 4f 4 multiplet features coexist in the spectra of the Sm over-layers with coverage in the range of 1.0-5.0 Å. This is because the component of the trivalent Sm becomes larger with increasing coverage of the Sm over-layer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Electronic structure of self‐assembled Sm nanostructure on HOPG studied by in‐situ photoemission spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy

Kutluk

Nakatake

Sumuda

et al. 2010

Surface & Interface Analysis

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In-situ photoemission spectroscopy of Sm over-layer on HOPG in the coverage regime of 0.3∼10.0 Å has been performed at room temperature in the 4d-4f resonance energy region by using monochromatic synchrotron radiation light. Based on analysis of the spectra taken at hν =134 eV (close to divalent samarium resonance), it is indicated that the divalent feature predominates the valence band spectra for the coverage below than 1.0 Å, while the trivalent structures are enhanced for Sm over-layer coverage higher than the 1.0 Å. However, in the case of valence band spectra are excited with the photon of energy of 141 eV at trivalent samarium resonance, the trivalent feature dominates the spectra across over the 0.6∼10.0 Å coverage of Sm over-layer. The mixed valence in the present Sm over-layer system might be heterogeneous in nature. Our first result indicates that the VUV irradiation of Sm makes an important role for stimulating the degeneration of divalent multi-configuration during the vacuum ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy.

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A systematic study of photoionization of free lanthanide atoms in the 4d giant resonance region

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Correlation effects in La, Ce, and lanthanide ions

Correlation effects in La, Ce, and lanthanide ions

The effect of viewing angle on the spectral behavior of a Gd plasma source near 6.7 nm

Electronic structure of self‐assembled Sm nanostructure on HOPG studied by in‐situ photoemission spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy

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