A systematic view on the effect of microbial phytase on ileal amino acid digestibility in pigs

Cowieson, A. J.; Ruckebusch, J.-P.; Sorbara, J. O. B.; Wilson, Jonathan; Guggenbuhl, P.; Tanadini, Lorenzo G.; Roos, Franz F.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.07.007

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Cannulation has been shown to produce generally lower AA digestibility response levels due to the potential for microbial proliferation and/or inflammation around the cannulation site (Selle and Ravindran, 2008). However, it has also been suggested that flushing the digesta from the distal ileum (used in the current study) may limit the opportunity for AA absorption and this may also reduce AA digestibility estimates (Cowieson et al, 2017a). In broilers, a greater improvement on digestibility of AA (mean AA by 9.2 percentage points across diets with different Ca:P ratios) was seen with the addition of 1,000 FTU/kg Buttiauxella phytase (Amerah et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may partially be explained by the effects of phytate on protein digestibility and that endogenous protein flow may be less consistent and weaker in pigs than poultry (Cowieson and Ravindran, 2007; Woyengo et al, 2009). Recent reviews based on meta-analyses have reported lower effect levels for phytase supplementation on AA digestibility in pigs compared with poultry (Cowieson et al, 2017a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the dosing of a Buttiauxella phytase improves phytate degradation, mineral, energy, and amino acid digestibility in weaned pigs fed a complex diet based on wheat, corn, soybean meal, barley, and rapeseed meal1

Dersjant-Li

Dusel

2019

Journal of Animal Science

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This study evaluated the effects of increasing the dose of a 6-phytase from Buttiauxella on phytate degradation, mineral, energy, and AA digestibility in weaned pigs fed complex diets based on wheat, corn, soybean meal, barley, and rapeseed meal. A negative control ( NC ) diet containing no added inorganic phosphorus (P) and a reduction of 0.1% calcium (Ca) and 36 kcal/kg ME was supplemented with Buttiauxella phytase at 0, 250, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 FTU/kg diet and tested against a nutritionally adequate, positive control ( PC ) diet. One phytase units (FTU) is the amount of enzyme that liberates 1 micromole of inorganic phosphate per minute from a sodium phytate substrate at pH 5.5 and 37 °C. Barrows ( Topigs × Pietrian ; initial mean body weight 19.3 kg) were housed individually in metabolic crates and fed the test diets in mash form via 2 equal meals per day for 9 d (fed at 2.5 times the maintenance energy requirement), with 8 replicate pigs per treatment, in 2 experimental runs (total n = 48). After a 3-d adaptation period, urine and feces were collected over 5 d for measurements of apparent total tract digestibility ( ATTD ) and retention of nutrients. On day 9, pigs were euthanized and ileal digesta collected for measurements of apparent ileal digestibility ( AID ) of nutrients. Phytase improved ( P < 0.05) digestibility of all measured AA except Trp ( P < 0.1), and AID P, nitrogen, phytate, ATTD P, Ca versus NC. Increasing phytase dose from 0 (NC) to 2,000 FTU/kg increased AID Lys, Cys, Thr, Val, Ile, Leu, mean AA, P, N, phytate, ATTD P, N, Na, energy, ME, P retention (g/d), and reduced P excretion (g/d) in a linear or exponential manner ( P < 0.05). Phytase at 2,000 FTU/kg improved AA digestibility by between +3.1 percentage points (Trp) and +8.8 percentage points (Cys) versus NC (average +6.3 percentage points) ( P < 0.05). Phytase inclusion at 2,000 FTU/kg reduced P excretion (g/d) by 57% versus PC ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, increasing Buttiauxella phytase in the range of 0 to 2,000 FTU/kg increased phytate degradation, improved AA and P digestibility, and reduced P excretion in weaned pigs fed complex diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the dosing of a Buttiauxella phytase improves phytate degradation, mineral, energy, and amino acid digestibility in weaned pigs fed a complex diet based on wheat, corn, soybean meal, barley, and rapeseed meal1

Dersjant-Li

Dusel

2019

Journal of Animal Science

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“…A similar review was done in pigs (Cowieson et al, 2017b), based on a meta-analysis of 28 peer reviewed papers using different sources of phytase with a dose Figure 4. Predicted and actual measured Lys digestibility coefficient based on seven ileal digestible AA studies in broilers at 21 days of age (Plumstead et al, 2013 presented at IPSF) Figure 5.…”

Section: Journal Of Applied Animal Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of methods used to determine phosphorus and digestible amino acid matrices when using phytase in poultry and pig diets

Dersjant-Li

Hruby

Evans

et al. 2019

JAAN

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SummaryPhytase is applied in animal feed based on its standard activity measured at pH 5.5, however the relative activity at pH 3 (e.g. stomach pH, the main site for the breakdown of phytate) varies among the commercial phytases, ranging from 56% (an E coli phytase) to 235% (Buttiauxella phytase). These diverse sources of phytases have varying capability for degrading phytate and, correspondingly, different P, digestible amino acid and metabolisable energy matrix values. In addition, the matrix values recommended by different phytase suppliers are not comparable, as different methodologies have been used to determine them. Phosphorus (P) and other matrix values can be determined by direct measurement of digestible P (dP) improvements by the addition of phytase above a negative control in large numbers of in vivo studies using increasing phytase doses. Alternatively, matrix values can be assessed by indirect measurement, using inorganic P (usually mono- or dicalcium sources) as a reference, typically based on tibia or metacarpal ash as a response parameter to estimate available P equivalence, either at a single or different phytase doses. When using the indirect measurement, the available P equivalence with increasing phytase doses may be calculated based on a log linear model. Although both methods are acceptable methodologies, direct measurement may under-estimate and indirect measurement may over-estimate matrix values, and a large number of in vivo studies give the best estimates of matrix values. Phytase efficacy can be influenced by phytase source, dose level, dietary composition (Ca level and Ca: P ratio). Phytase end users are encouraged to be aware of the methods used by suppliers to determine matrix values, before applying them in their feed formulations.

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“…3 One pig per pen was euthanized and fibulas were used to determine bone ash weight and percentage bone ash. (Madrid et al, 2013) and amino acid digestibility through the decrease of antinutritional effects of phytate and its derivates (Cowieson et al, 2017;Zouaoui et al, 2018). Zeng et al (2014) reported an increase in the apparent ileal digestibility of DM (using 1,000 to 20,000 FTU/kg), but Zeng et al (2016) using 0 to 20,000 FTU/ kg and She et al (2018) using 0 to 4,000 FTU/ kg, did not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Insoluble dietary fiber does not affect the ability of phytase to release phosphorus from phytate in the diet of nursery pigs1

Acosta

Patience

2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Phytase is added to swine diets to improve the utilization of phytate-bound P in swine diets. This provides financial and environmental benefits to the pig industry. However, it is unclear if phytase works equally well in all dietary circumstances. The objective of this experiment was to determine if insoluble fiber affects the efficacy of the phytase enzyme in nursery pigs when fed diets limiting in P content. A total of 480 pigs (initial BW 5.48 ± 0.14 kg) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned (10 pigs per pen) to treatment within the block. A common nutrient-adequate diet was fed from days −14 to −5, and two basal P deficient diets (either a corn-soy diet containing 0.16% standardized total tract digestible [STTD] P [low insoluble fiber [LF]], or a corn-soybean meal plus 20% corn bran containing 0.14% STTD P [high insoluble fiber [HF]]) were fed from days −5 to 0 to acclimate pigs to a P deficient diet. From days 0 to 21, pigs received eight dietary treatments (six pens per treatment: n = 6). Experimental diets consisted of LF supplemented with one of four levels of added phytase (0, 109, 218, and 327 phytase units [FTU]/kg; Quantum Blue 5 G, AB Vista, Wiltshire, United Kingdom) expected to provide 0.16, 0.21, 0.26, and 0.31% STTD P, respectively, or HF supplemented with one of the same four levels of added phytase expected to provide 0.14, 0.19, 0.24, and 0.29% STTD P. Titanium dioxide was added to the diet at 0.4% as an indigestible marker. On day 21, one pig representing the average BW for each pen was euthanized, and fibulae were collected and analyzed for bone ash. Fecal samples were collected from each pen on days 19–20. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. There were no interactions between insoluble fiber and phytase for any of the variables evaluated. For days 0–21, adding phytase increased ADG (P < 0.001) with the response being linear (P < 0.001), whereas insoluble fiber decreased ADG (P = 0.033). There were no effects of phytase or insoluble fiber on ADFI (P = 0.381 and P = 0.632, respectively). Phytase improved G:F ratio (P < 0.001) with the response being linear (P < 0.001). Insoluble fiber tended to decrease G:F ratio (P = 0.097). Phytase increased bone ash (P = 0.005) with the response being linear (P = 0.001), but there was no effect of insoluble fiber (P = 0.949). Phytase did not affect the apparent total tract digestibility of DM, NDF, or ADF (P > 0.050), whereas insoluble fiber decreased the ATTD of DM (P < 0.001), NDF (P < 0.001), and ADF (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the addition of insoluble fiber did not affect the ability of phytase to improve growth performance and bone mineralization in nursery pigs fed a P deficient diet.

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A systematic view on the effect of microbial phytase on ileal amino acid digestibility in pigs

Cited by 45 publications

References 44 publications

Increasing the dosing of a Buttiauxella phytase improves phytate degradation, mineral, energy, and amino acid digestibility in weaned pigs fed a complex diet based on wheat, corn, soybean meal, barley, and rapeseed meal1

Increasing the dosing of a Buttiauxella phytase improves phytate degradation, mineral, energy, and amino acid digestibility in weaned pigs fed a complex diet based on wheat, corn, soybean meal, barley, and rapeseed meal1

A critical review of methods used to determine phosphorus and digestible amino acid matrices when using phytase in poultry and pig diets

Insoluble dietary fiber does not affect the ability of phytase to release phosphorus from phytate in the diet of nursery pigs1

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