A Tale of Three Species: Adaptation of Sodalis glossinidius to Tsetse Biology,
            <i>Wigglesworthia</i>
            Metabolism, and Host Diet

Hall, Richard S.; Flanagan, Lindsey A.; Bottery, Michael; Springthorpe, V S; Thorpe, Stephen; Darby, Alistair C.; Wood, A. Jamie; Thomas, Gavin H.

doi:10.1128/mbio.02106-18

Cited by 24 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…In blood, over half (eight of 14) of these are secondary transporter reactions (Figure 5A). This reflects what is observed in S. glossinidius , which has retained, for example, secondary amino acid transporters (Hall et al, 2019). The loss of metabolic pathways and the maintenance of functional transporters is characteristic of symbiotic bacteria that are able to scavenge metabolites from their microenvironment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Robustness analysis was used to examine reaction essentiality and therefore redundancy in the i RH830 network. i RH830 was run on a tsetse-specific nutrient limited medium (“famine”) and a blood medium simulating the internal tsetse environment and informed by S. glossinidius requirements (Hall et al, 2019) (“blood”, Table S1). All media is detailed in Supplementary File 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of individual solutions that were representative of the biomass output of i LF517 (Hall et al, 2019) were then selected from each of these simulations (Figure 4, black boxes). The raw, binary data were translated back into reaction names and this was subsequently processed to produce a list of “core non-essential reactions”.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FBA is widely used for biotechnology applications, and this can be re-purposed to examine symbiosis. There are several published examples of using FBA to analyse the metabolism of symbiotic bacteria, including for Buchnera aphidicola (Macdonald et al, 2012, 2011; Thomas et al, 2009), Sodalis glossinidius (Belda et al, 2012; Hall et al, 2019), Portiera aleyrodidarum (Ankrah et al, 2017), Hamiltonella defensa (Ankrah et al, 2017) and strains of Blattabacterium (González-Domenech et al, 2012). There are also models published for the Synechocystis species used in the study of artificially induced symbiosis (Knoop et al, 2013, 2010; Nogales et al, 2012; Shastri and Morgan, 2005; Sørensen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we present a flux balance model for S. praecaptivus, i RH830. This model, and a model of S. glossinidius metabolism, i LF517 (Hall et al, 2019), both represent adaptations of the organisms to their contrasting environments. The Sodalis system is therefore an excellent candidate for assessing the ability of FBA to describe the evolution of symbioses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulating the evolutionary trajectories of metabolic pathways for insect symbionts in the Sodalis genus

Hall

Thorpe

Thomas

et al. 2019

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8 1 Abstract 9Insect-bacterial symbioses are ubiquitous, but there is still much to uncover about 10 how these relationships establish, persist and evolve. The tsetse endosymbiont So-11 dalis glossinidius displays intriguing metabolic adaptations to its microenvironment, 12 but the process by which this relationship evolved remains to be elucidated. The re-13 cent chance discovery of the free-living species of the Sodalis genus, S. praecaptivus, 14 provides a serendipitous starting point from which to investigate the evolution of 15 this symbiosis. Here, we present a flux balance model for S. praecaptivus. Metabolic 16 modelling is used in combination with a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to 17 explore the trajectories that S. glossinidius may have undertaken after becoming 18 internalised. The time-dependent loss of key genes is shown to influence the evolved 19 populations, providing possible targets for future in vitro genetic manipulation. This 20 method provides an unusually detailed perspective on possible evolutionary trajec-21 tories for S. glossinidius in this fundamental process of evolutionary and ecological 22 change. 23 1 2 Introduction 24 Symbioses are both fundamental and ubiquitous in nature. Understanding their evo-25 lution poses an ongoing challenge, as well as an expanse of unresolved research ques-26 tions. Bacterial symbionts of insects provide a range of benefits including stress toler-27 ance (Dunbar et al., 2007; Wilcox et al., 2003), protection from predation (Nakabachi 28 et al., 2013; Oliver et al., 2003; Wilcox et al., 2003) and the provision of metabo-29 lites (Aksoy, 1995; Hrusa et al., 2015; Manzano-Marín et al., 2015; Shigenobu et al., 30 2000; Snyder and Rio, 2015; Thomas et al., 2009). The latter forms arguably the 31 strongest link within the symbioses. Host and symbiont frequently share metabolic 32 substrates, as well as the products and components of individual biosynthetic path-33 ways (McCutcheon et al., 2009a,b; McCutcheon and Moran, 2007; McCutcheon and 34 von Dohlen, 2011; Thomas et al., 2009; Wilson et al., 2010). These relationships 35 typically enable the host to survive on a nutritionally restricted diet, such as the 36 blood meal of the tsetse (Michalkova et al., 2014; Rio et al., 2003; Snyder and Rio, 37 2015) or the plant sap that feeds the aphid (Akman Gündüz and Douglas, 2009; 38 Baumann et al., 1995; Richards et al., 2010). 39 Deciphering the evolutionary pressures that affect the organisms within a symbiosis 40 is an essential part of understanding the relationship. This includes establishing 41 how the symbioses develop over time and the way in which the metabolism of the 42 individuals is intertwined. It is, however, often hindered by biological difficulties.43

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%