A TaqMan real-time PCR assay for survey of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections in Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae and shrimp of farms in different grow-out seasons

Effect of biofloc on the survival and growth of the postlarvae of three penaeids (Litopenaeus vannamei, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, and Marsupenaeus japonicus) and their biofloc feeding efficiencies, as related to the morphological structure of the third maxilliped

“…Shrimp are one of the most economically important aquaculture species in Korea and worldwide. However, the farmed production of shrimp has been largely influenced by pathogens including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in Korea (Meng et al, 2010;Jang et al, 2011). For example, 32.9% of 468 shrimp farms in South Korea collapsed as a consequence of the WSSV outbreak in 2006, although production has recovered since then (Jang et al, 2009).…”

Enhancement and confirmation of white spot syndrome virus detection using monoclonal antibody specific to VP26

“…In contrast, the farms with viral load higher than 10 3 copies ng À1 of DNA yielded average shrimp production only 0.85 and 0.42 mt ha À1 for summer and autumn crops respectively. Only 3/13 farms yielded shrimp production over 0.5 mt ha À1 , 5/13 yielded less than 0.5 mt ha À1 and 5/13 failed to harvest (Meng et al 2010). In another experiment infection of Fenneropenaeus chinensis, low level of WSSV infection was detected using real-time PCR (average of 4.29 9 10 2 copies ng À1 of DNA) in all samples and remained silent through the experiment except the shrimp was injected with additional 800 copies of WSSV/shrimp which increased the viral load exponentially after 24 hpi.…”

“…This could be due to the fact that ICP11 is about three times more abundant in the WSSVinfected tissues than VP28 structural protein (Wang, Wang, Leu, Kou, Wang & Lo 2007). Many studies had demonstrated that the long-term presence of WSSV in cultivated shrimp populations as detected using nested PCR or real-time PCR had not always caused disease outbreaks and that the shrimp could be harvested successfully (Tsai, Kou, Liu, Liu, Chang, Peng, Hsu, Wang & Lo 1999;Patil, Palaksha, Anil, Guruchannabasavanna Patil, Shankar, Mohan & Sripada 2008;Meng, Jang, Seo & Cho 2010). Even though, immunoassays using these MAbs demonstrated lower sensitivity than that of PCR, the immunoassays especially the immunochromatographic strip test is a useful tool for surveillance for WSSV infection during farming due to its simplicity, lower cost, rapid diagnostic result and can be done at pond site by farmers themselves (Powell et al 2006;Sithigorngul et al 2006Sithigorngul et al , 2011.…”

“…However, combination of five MAbs specific to VP26, VP28 and VP19 structural proteins along with a MAb specific to ICP11 resulted in twofold increase in detection sensitivity using dot blot assay compared to the detection limit of ICP11 alone. Only 3/13 farms yielded shrimp production over 0.5 mt ha À1 , 5/13 yielded less than 0.5 mt ha À1 and 5/13 failed to harvest (Meng et al 2010). Many studies had demonstrated that the long-term presence of WSSV in cultivated shrimp populations as detected using nested PCR or real-time PCR had not always caused disease outbreaks and that the shrimp could be harvested successfully (Tsai, Kou, Liu, Liu, Chang, Peng, Hsu, Wang & Lo 1999;Patil, Palaksha, Anil, Guruchannabasavanna Patil, Shankar, Mohan & Sripada 2008;Meng, Jang, Seo & Cho 2010).…”

“…Even though, immunoassays using these MAbs demonstrated lower sensitivity than that of PCR, the immunoassays especially the immunochromatographic strip test is a useful tool for surveillance for WSSV infection during farming due to its simplicity, lower cost, rapid diagnostic result and can be done at pond site by farmers themselves (Powell et al 2006;Sithigorngul et al 2006Sithigorngul et al , 2011. Many studies had demonstrated that the long-term presence of WSSV in cultivated shrimp populations as detected using nested PCR or real-time PCR had not always caused disease outbreaks and that the shrimp could be harvested successfully (Tsai, Kou, Liu, Liu, Chang, Peng, Hsu, Wang & Lo 1999;Patil, Palaksha, Anil, Guruchannabasavanna Patil, Shankar, Mohan & Sripada 2008;Meng, Jang, Seo & Cho 2010). Real-time PCR was conducted to quantify WSSV infection of P. vannamei in 30 commercial growout ponds in different farms during summer (July to August) and autumn (October) in Korea in 2007.…”