A taxonomic reassessment of Viburnum (Adoxaceae) in the Azores

Moura, Mónica; Carine, Mark A.; Malecot, Valéry; Lourenço, aula; Schaefer, Hanno; Silva, Luís

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.210.1.3

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is in contrast to the situation in some other Azorean plant groups, where recent taxonomic revision has resulted in the recognition of geographically restricted endemic taxa (e.g. Platanthera, Bateman [ 29 ]; Leontodon [ 30 ]; Aichryson [ 31 ]). Analyses of patterns of morphological variation in Pericallis therefore suggest that past failures to recognise morphologically distinct taxa in the Azores do not appear to be an explanation for the lack of SIEs in Azorean Pericallis even though it may be significant in other groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Linnean shortfall The differences in diversity patterns of Pericallis between the Azores and the Canaries are explained by differences in taxon concepts and/or taxonomic effort applied between the archipelagos. Recent studies have shown that there is potentially greater diversity in the Azores compared to current species circumscriptions [ 10 , 18 , 30 ] 2. Ecological homogeneity Adaptive diversification plays a key role in the evolution of island lineages [ 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Why do different oceanic archipelagos harbour contrasting levels of species diversity? The macaronesian endemic genus Pericallis (Asteraceae) provides insight into explaining the ‘Azores diversity Enigma’

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOceanic archipelagos typically harbour extensive radiations of flowering plants and a high proportion of endemics, many of which are restricted to a single island (Single Island Endemics; SIEs). The Azores represents an anomaly as overall levels of endemism are low; there are few SIEs and few documented cases of intra-archipelago radiations. The distinctiveness of the flora was first recognized by Darwin and has been referred to as the ‘Azores Diversity Enigma’ (ADE). Diversity patterns in the Macaronesian endemic genus Pericallis (Asteraceae) exemplify the ADE. In this study we used morphometric, Amplified Length Polymorphisms, and bioclimatic data for herbaceous Pericallis lineages endemic to the Azores and the Canaries, to test two key hypotheses proposed to explain the ADE: i) that it is a taxonomic artefact or Linnean shortfall, ie. the under description of taxa in the Azores or the over-splitting of taxa in the Canaries and (ii) that it reflects the greater ecological homogeneity of the Azores, which results in limited opportunity for ecological diversification compared to the Canaries.ResultsIn both the Azores and the Canaries, morphological patterns were generally consistent with current taxonomic classifications. However, the AFLP data showed no genetic differentiation between the two currently recognized Azorean subspecies that are ecologically differentiated. Instead, genetic diversity in the Azores was structured geographically across the archipelago. In contrast, in the Canaries genetic differentiation was mostly consistent with morphology and current taxonomic treatments. Both Azorean and Canarian lineages exhibited ecological differentiation between currently recognized taxa.ConclusionsNeither a Linnean shortfall nor the perceived ecological homogeneity of the Azores fully explained the ADE-like pattern observed in Pericallis. Whilst variation in genetic data and morphological data in the Canaries were largely congruent, this was not the case in the Azores, where genetic patterns reflected inter-island geographical isolation, and morphology reflected intra-island bioclimatic variation. The combined effects of differences in (i) the extent of geographical isolation, (ii) population sizes and (iii) geographical occupancy of bioclimatic niche space, coupled with the morphological plasticity of Pericallis, may all have contributed to generating the contrasting patterns observed in the archipelagos.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0766-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do different oceanic archipelagos harbour contrasting levels of species diversity? The macaronesian endemic genus Pericallis (Asteraceae) provides insight into explaining the ‘Azores diversity Enigma’

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, stellate non-glandular trichomes covering densely the bracts, pedicels, and peduncles in V. lantana and simple non-glandular trichomes on adaxial surface of the petals in V. opulus were found. On leaves and stems of various Viburnum species belonging to different species and clades, many investigators have observed a similar type of glandular (Table 3) and non-glandular trichomes as well, differing in the size, number, and arrangement of trichome cells (Winkworth and Donoghue 2005; Prabhu and Ponnudurai 2011; Clement et al 2014; Moura et al 2015). As reported by the authors mentioned, the structure of trichomes present in different Viburnum species is a taxonomic trait that is important for the phylogenesis of the genus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative micromorphology and anatomy of flowers and floral secretory structures in two Viburnum species

Konarska

2016

Protoplasma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In entomogamous plants, the presence and function of floral secretory structures, whose main role is to attract pollinators, is strictly associated with the pollination ecology and hence the reproductive success of the plant. The aims of the present paper were to analyse the micromorphology and anatomy of flower nectaries and stigmas in Viburnum opulus and V. lantana and to determine the function and microstructure of inflorescence trichomes in both taxa using light and scanning electron microscopy as well as histochemical assays. It was found that stigmas were formed by papillae, which contained lipids, polysaccharides, tannins, and pigments. Stigmatic secretion proceeded via cuticular pores. Floral nectaries formed a thick layer around the styles, and nectar was secreted through numerous nectarostomata. There were no traces of vascular bundles penetrating the nectary tissue. In turn, numerous tannin deposits were observed in the cells of the glandular parenchyma. Pedicels, hypanthia, and bracts had mainly peltate and capitate glandular trichomes as well as stellate non-glandular trichomes (in V. lantana). The trichomes were shown to contain lipids, mucilage, and tannins. Many similarities in the flower and nectaries microstructure and considerable heterogeneity were observed in the examined Viburnum species. Knowledge of the microstructural characteristics of flowers, nectaries, and trichomes may be important for the phylogenesis and taxonomy of the genus Viburnum and the family Adoxaceae. Additionally, floral and nectaries features are helpful in assessment of the relatedness between taxa and provide better understanding of the floral biology and pollination ecology.

show abstract

“…Although most of the phylogenetic studies have been focused on single lineages with emphasis on Canaries, which displays ca. one‐third of the endemic plant diversity of Macaronesia, some studies include two or more Macaronesian archipelagos (Carine, Francisco‐Ortega, Santos‐Guerra, & Russell, ; Mort et al., ; Moura, Carine, Malékot, et al., ; Moura, Carine, & Sequeira, ; Romeiras et al., ). Nonetheless, broad‐scale studies focused on a plant family covering native and endemics and comparing distinct patterns of phylogenetic structure among the five archipelagos was not yet addressed for this hotspot region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of relevant lineages within the complex Campanulaceae family in Macaronesia

Menezes

Romeiras

Sequeira

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Macaronesia has long been recognized as a natural model for studying evolutionary processes in plant diversification. Several studies have attempted to focus on single lineages, and few have covered the diversification of a family across all the archipelagos. We used a comprehensive sample to clarify the phylogenetic relationships and the biogeographic history of the Macaronesian Campanulaceae. Hypotheses related to the colonization of these archipelagos will be used to examine the diversification patterns of different lineages. We sequenced the ITS region and six cpDNA markers (atpB, matK, petD, rbcL, trnL‐F, and psbA‐trnH) from 10 Campanulaceae species, including seven endemic species in Macaronesia. The phylogeny of these taxa was reconstructed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. To study the relationships within each lineage, haplotype networks were calculated using NeighborNet and TCS algorithms. Moreover, data were combined with fossil information to construct time‐calibrated trees for the Macaronesian Campanulaceae species. The phylogenetic analyses are largely congruent with current taxon circumscriptions, and all the endemic genera formed monophyletic clades, namely Azorina in Azores; Musschia in Madeira; and Campanula in Cape Verde. The Azorina clade and the Cape Verde endemic Campanula may share a common ancestor in North Africa, and the divergence was dated ca. 12.3 million years ago (Mya). The divergence of the Musschia clade began in the Pliocene ca. 3.4 Mya. Moreover, several examples of intraspecific variation were revealed among the native species with a clear geographic structured patterns, suggesting that cryptic diversity might exist within the native Macaronesian Campanulaceae when compared to the close mainland taxa (e.g., Campanula erinus, Trachelium caeruleum), but additional studies are needed to support the molecular data. This study highlights the power of combining data (e.g., phylogeny and divergence times, with species distribution data) for testing diversification hypotheses within the unique Macaronesian flora, providing useful information for future conservation efforts.

show abstract

A taxonomic reassessment of Viburnum (Adoxaceae) in the Azores

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Why do different oceanic archipelagos harbour contrasting levels of species diversity? The macaronesian endemic genus Pericallis (Asteraceae) provides insight into explaining the ‘Azores diversity Enigma’

Why do different oceanic archipelagos harbour contrasting levels of species diversity? The macaronesian endemic genus Pericallis (Asteraceae) provides insight into explaining the ‘Azores diversity Enigma’

Comparative micromorphology and anatomy of flowers and floral secretory structures in two Viburnum species

Phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of relevant lineages within the complex Campanulaceae family in Macaronesia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About