A tetrabenzophenazine low voltage single molecule XOR quantum Hamiltonian logic gate

Abstract

Herein it is demonstrated that a tetrabenzo[a,c,j.h]phenazine molecule is able to function like a "2 input-1 output" XOR Boolean logic gate due to the quantum level repulsion effect which results from the logic gate's Quantum Hamiltonian Computing design. The logical inputs are performed using one aluminium atom per input. The logical output is measured by recording the dI/dV tunneling electronic spectrum at a low +1.1 V bias voltage. On an Au(111) surface, each Al atom is manipulated in and out of the molecule by scanning tunneling microscope single molecule manipulations. This single molecule XOR gate functions without the need of cascading OR, AND and NAND logic gates inside its molecular structure.

On-Surface Atom-by-Atom-Assembled Aluminum Binuclear Tetrabenzophenazine Organometallic Magnetic Complex

“…The spectrum from the Al 1 -molecule complex shows relatively higher differential conductance according to the voltage increase (blue). This is a tail of the |S1 – ⟩ state of this complex . Only in the case of two Al atoms interacting with the molecule does a new sharp peak appear at a zero bias voltage.…”

Preparation of Tetrabenzo[4.4.2]undecastarphene by On‐Surface Synthesis

“…To induce cyclodehydrogenation, we annealed the sample to 200°C and then further to 275°C. After the final annealing (Figure 2b), all molecules reacted and are flat, adopting either the symmetric Y shape of molecular gate 1 or the asymmetric shape of compound 3, benzodibenzo [7,8,9,10]naphthaceno[2,1-h] phenanthro [9,10-p]hexaphene. The compound which could be obtained by cyclodehydrogenation of the conformer C is not observed on the surface.…”

“…It has in particular been shown that [2,2,2]-heptastarphene could be implemented as a NOR logic gate [2] whereas the asymmetric [3,3,2]-nonastarphene was a NAND gate. [3] To go beyond and be able testing more powerful logic gates such as a half-adder, [4][5][6][7] it is necessary to increase the complexity and the asymmetry of these conjugated three branches molecules. However, the synthesis of large unsubstituted starphenes in solution is a difficult task due to their insolubility, and the largest starphene to-date, the [3,3,3]-decastarphene, [8,9] has been reported by Clar and Müllen more than fifty years ago.…”

“…To go further and be able to test more powerful logic gates such as a half adder, [4–7] it is necessary to increase the complexity and the asymmetry of these conjugated three‐branch molecules. However, the synthesis of large unsubstituted starphenes in solution is a difficult task due to their insolubility, and the largest starphene to date, the [3,3,3]‐decastarphene, [8,9] was reported by Clar and Müllen more than fifty years ago [10] .…”

“…In a second step, controlled annealings from 200°C to 275°C initiated two successive cyclodehydrogenation steps with the formation of 3 new carbon-carbon bonds. A second conformer was also stable enough during the annealing step to give another compound in similar yield, the benzodibenzo [7,8,9,10]naphthaceno[2,1-h] phenanthro[9,10-p]hexaphene. The formation of this morehindered species stresses the importance of strong moleculesurface interactions during the cyclodehydrogenations steps of these large polyaromatic hydrocarbons.…”