A theoretical investigation of a photonic crystal fibre with ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion with three zero crossing dispersion wavelengths

Design and Theoretical Analysis of Highly Negative Dispersion-Compensating Photonic Crystal Fibers with Multiple Zero-Dispersion Wavelengths

“…Chromatic dispersion, D (λ), is the summation of the waveguide and material dispersion. Each of the components of dispersion is computed using the following equations [39]:…”

“…Achieving the desired property in a PCF is often obtained by tailoring the geometrical properties of air holes in the cladding [11][12][13] and the optical properties of the dopant. Tese fexibilities give PCFs due advantage over the conventional fbers in applications such as optical communication [14], refractive index and temperature measurement [15], liquid chemical sensing [16,17], gas sensing [18], biosensing [19][20][21], nonlinear optic devices, high-speed terahertz propagation of the optical signal to remote distances [22], coherent optical tomography [23], optical transmissions (lasers) [24], submarine communications [25], chromatic dispersion management [26,27], reduction in confnement and bending losses [28,29], high birefringence, high nonlinearity [30,31], as well as single or multimode [27,32,33] operations of optical signals. Despite all these benefts that PCF ofers, it is faced with challenges such as chromatic dispersion, confnement, and bending losses when propagating signals over long distances.…”

“…One way to achieve that is by designing PCF with many zero-crossing dispersion wavelengths (ZDW). Te authors of reference [26] reported the design of a PCF with three ZDWs using circular air holes, while the authors of reference [27,31,36] proposed and designed PCFs with two zero-crossing dispersion wavelengths. Specifcally, Amoah et al [26] designed a PCF with three ZDWs and a dispersion of −220.39 ps/ nm•km at 1.55 μm using nondefective air holes in the core.…”

“…Te authors of reference [26] reported the design of a PCF with three ZDWs using circular air holes, while the authors of reference [27,31,36] proposed and designed PCFs with two zero-crossing dispersion wavelengths. Specifcally, Amoah et al [26] designed a PCF with three ZDWs and a dispersion of −220.39 ps/ nm•km at 1.55 μm using nondefective air holes in the core. Teir design also achieved an ultrafat chromatic dispersion variation of ±0.9 ps/nm•km.…”

Generation of mid-infrared supercontinuum by designing circular photonic crystal fiber

“…The essence of dispersion control is to adjust the waveguide dispersion of PCF to balance off its material dispersion, so as to obtain the ideal dispersion curve. [22,23] Recently, a new PCF design is proposed based on a circular ring structure with few layers of air holes. [24][25][26] In 2016, Ahmad introduced the specific design of a C-PCF with chalcogenide glass into the generation of MIR-SC for the first time.…”