A theory of the evolution of settlement structures based on identification and use of patterns: Iceland as a case study

Valsson, Trausti; Garðarsson, Sigurður M.

doi:10.1016/j.futures.2013.09.008

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Changes in the importance of transit as a result of the 2008–2009 financial crisis highlighted the increased risk of transport-related social exclusion ( Ulfarsson et al, 2015 ), an issue that surely will need investigation after the COVID19 pandemic has abated. Santanicchia (2016) argued that new architecture, more jobs in tourism-related businesses, and an improved urban aesthetic led to the depopulation of rural areas, reinforcing prior work on changing settlement patterns as accessibility and mobility networks began to change as tourism grew rapidly ( Valsson et al, 2013 ). More research is needed on the nexus between mobility, modal split, and visitor numbers in Iceland, and on understanding more clearly the various perceptions of, and need for, transport services by different types of visitors (cruise day trippers, nature-based tourists, and culture seekers, for example).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport geography in Iceland

Keeling

2020

Journal of Transport Geography

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport geography in Iceland

Keeling

2020

Journal of Transport Geography

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“…Several communities owe their emergence to their proximity to rich fishing grounds and some towns were not even 'on the map' before fisheries became economically significant in the early twentieth century. Fisheries were an attractive pull-factor and people relocated from scattered farmsteads and temporary settlements to the shore (Valsson et al, 2013). Another economic boom came with the herring fisheries.…”

Section: Icelandic Fisheries Management and Fishing Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some might face abandonment eventually. Depopulation, occasionally resulting in abandoned places, has not been uncommon in Iceland (Bjarnason 2014b, Thorarinsson 1961, Huijbens 2012, Valsson et al, 2013. To what extent fisheries management can be made responsible for demographic development cannot be answered; yet it has been discussed frequently (Carothers and Chambers 2012).…”

Section: Salaries (S)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosper or perish? The development of Icelandic fishing villages after the privatisation of fishing rights

Kokorsch

Benediktsson

2018

Maritime Studies

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Icelandic fish stocks underwent privatisation in 1990, when existing fishing quotas were made fully transferable. The country's system of individual transferable quotas has since been held up as a paragon of virtue for sustainable fisheries. This might be valid for ecological and most economic concerns, but for a truly sustainable fisheries management system the question of social impacts has to be addressed as well. This paper evaluates the performance of Icelandic fisheries management from a spatial and social point of view. The theoretical framing stems from the concepts of resilience and vulnerability. Through cluster and correlation analyses, different development trajectories of Icelandic fishing communities since 1990 are revealed. The results are presented on maps. Even though it is no longer the country's largest economic sector, the livelihood of many small and remote settlements is strongly connected to the fisheries. Consolidation has taken place in the fisheries and rural-to-urban migration has continued. The majority of coastal communities can be classified as vulnerable, regarding the status of the local fishing industry in 2014. Regarding demographic development, the number of vulnerable communities was significantly higher in 2014 than it was at the early 1990s.

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“…It must be emphasized that foresight studies in the maritime field are still often based on a juxtaposition of disciplines, whereas the questions should be addressed in a cross-cutting and systemic way, precisely because the environment itself is in perpetual movement [50,51]. Furthermore, a specialized approach does not facilitate finding synergies, as shown in projects to set up offshore wind turbines, a recurrent source of conflicts in spite of the opportunities they present for mutual benefit of stakeholders and users [52][53][54].…”

Section: Additional Proposals Of Questions For Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between oceans and societies in 2030: challenges and issues for research

Lacroix¹,

David

Lamblin

et al. 2016

Eur J Futures Res

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The perception of ocean areas by policymakers or by people, living or not on the coast, has significantly varied over centuries. Due to its vastness and complexity, the sea has been studied within distinct academic disciplines. However, the current issues related to the sea, such as climate change, marine pollution or coastal tourism, require an integrated vision of the assets and drawbacks in order to meet the challenges arising from human activities both at sea and onshore. In this study, a group of foresight officers from the French network of public research institutes decided to crosscheck and compare several science approaches (biology, sociology, economics, etc) about oceans. Thus, 11 sectors of maritime activity (transportation, fisheries, energy, etc.) were cross-tabulated with 9 basic social functions (providing food, housing, learning, etc.). In this matrix, the main challenges and issues projected for 2030 were sought, in the frame of a baseline scenario.Results were clustered through 4 criteria, leading to 9 major challenges, each of them broken down into two important issues for research. The outcomes were used to create a survey, allowing the ranking of the research priorities. Most of the 9 challenges tally with the research and development objectives of great maritime states, except for governance and monitoring, which remain underscored. As a result, maritime powers still show more interest on securing national resources rather than on promoting international cooperation for secure trade and sustainable exploitation of marine resources. But foresight in this field could help changing the mentalities notably because oceans show clearly now to be a vital common good for mankind.

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A theory of the evolution of settlement structures based on identification and use of patterns: Iceland as a case study

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Transport geography in Iceland

Transport geography in Iceland

Prosper or perish? The development of Icelandic fishing villages after the privatisation of fishing rights

Interactions between oceans and societies in 2030: challenges and issues for research

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