A Third Generation of Homogenized Temperature for Trend Analysis and Monitoring Changes in Canada’s Climate

Vincent, Lucie A.; Hartwell, Megan M.

doi:10.1080/07055900.2020.1765728

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The data for Portland International Airport and Seattle-Tacoma International Airport were gathered from the Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCND; Menne et al, 2012) while data for New Westminster were gathered from the Adjusted Homogenized Canadian Climate Dataset (AHCCD) for daily temperature (Vincent et al, 2020). This station's record is a composite of data from three locations in two nearby cities with location changes in 1966and 1980.…”

Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid attribution analysis of the extraordinary heatwave on the Pacific Coast of the US and Canada June 2021

Philip

Kew

Oldenborgh

et al. 2021

Preprint

105

121

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Abstract. Towards the end of June 2021, temperature records were broken by several degrees Celsius in several cities in the Pacific northwest areas of the U.S. and Canada, leading to spikes in sudden deaths, and sharp increases in hospital visits for heat-related illnesses and emergency calls. Here we present a multi-model, multi-method attribution analysis to investigate to what extent human-induced climate change has influenced the probability and intensity of extreme heatwaves in this region. Based on observations and modeling, the occurrence of a heatwave with maximum daily temperatures (TXx) as observed in the area 45° N–52° N, 119° W–123° W, was found to be virtually impossible without human-caused climate change. The observed temperatures were so extreme that they lie far outside the range of historically observed temperatures. This makes it hard to quantify with confidence how rare the event was. In the most realistic statistical analysis, which uses the assumption that the heatwave was a very low probability event that was not caused by new nonlinearities, the event is estimated to be about a 1 in 1000 year event in today’s climate. With this assumption and combining the results from the analysis of climate models and weather observations, an event, defined as daily maximum temperatures (TXx) in the heatwave region, as rare as 1 in a 1000 years would have been at least 150 times rarer without human-induced climate change. Also, this heatwave was about 2 °C hotter than a 1 in 1000-year heatwave that at the beginning of the industrial revolution would have been (when global mean temperatures were 1.2 °C cooler than today). Looking into the future, in a world with 2 °C of global warming (0.8 °C warmer than today), a 1000-year event would be another degree hotter. It would occur roughly every 5 to 10 years in such global warming conditions. Our results provide a strong warning: our rapidly warming climate is bringing us into uncharted territory with significant consequences for health, well-being, and livelihoods. Adaptation and mitigation are urgently needed to prepare societies for a very different future.

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Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid attribution analysis of the extraordinary heatwave on the Pacific Coast of the US and Canada June 2021

Philip

Kew

Oldenborgh

et al. 2021

Preprint

105

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…ch/latest-glacier-mass-balance-data/). Annual surface massbalance observations exist for both Place (1965-2020) and Peyto (1966-2018 glaciers, with some breaks in between. Seasonal and annual mass-balance values for 100 m elevation bands are available for 1965-1974, 1981-1989and 1994-1995for Place Glacier, and for 1966-1990, and 1993-1995 There are no mass-balance observations reported for Place Glacier for the year 2014.…”

Section: Glaciological Mass-balance Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of surface mass-balance records using geodetic data and physically-based modelling, Place and Peyto glaciers, western Canada

et al. 2022

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Reliable, long-term records of glacier mass change are invaluable to the glaciological and climate-change communities and used to assess the importance of glacier wastage on streamflow. Here we evaluate the in-situ observations of glacier mass change for Place (1982–2020) and Peyto glaciers (1983–2020) in western Canada. We use geodetic mass balance to calibrate a physically-based mass-balance model coupled with an ice dynamics routine. We find large discrepancies between the glaciological and geodetic records for the periods 1987–1993 (Place) and 2001–2006 (Peyto). Over the period of observations, the exclusion of ice dynamics in the model increased simulated cumulative mass change by ~10.6 (24%) and 7.1 (21%) m w.e. for Place and Peyto glacier, respectively. Cumulative mass loss using geodetic, modelled and glaciological approaches are respectively − 30.5 ± 4.5, − 32.0 ± 3.6, − 29.7 ± 3.6 m w.e. for Peyto Glacier (1982–2017) and − 45.9 ± 5.2, − 43.1 ± 3.1, − 38.4 ± 5.1 m w.e. for Place Glacier (1981–2019). Based on discrepancies noted in the mass-balance records for certain decades (e.g. 1990s), we caution the community if these data are to be used for hydrological model development.

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“…The Climate Research Division of Environment and Climate Change Canada has produced the third generation of homogenized (surface air) temperature datasets (AHCCD_SAT_G3, Vincent et al, 2020). These include homogenized versions of both daily minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the derived monthly means, for 780 locations across Canada, the majority of which are currently active stations of long data records (Vincent et al 2020). This is a research data product suitable for climate trend analysis.…”

Section: Third Generation Of Homogenized Temperature Datasets (Monthlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a research data product suitable for climate trend analysis. The production procedure includes quality control, adjusting daily minimum temperatures to diminish the effects of the change in observing time in 1961, joining of data records from nearby sites to form a long data time series, homogeneity testing of each time series of annual and seasonal mean temperatures, and homogenization of each daily and monthly data series by adjusting the raw data series to diminish all the non-climatic shifts identified for that raw data series (Vincent et al 2020).…”

Section: Third Generation Of Homogenized Temperature Datasets (Monthlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stewardship Maturity Assessment Tools for Modernization of Climate Data Management

Dunn

Lief²,

Peng

et al. 2021

Data Science Journal

Self Cite

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High quality and well-managed climate data are the cornerstone of all climate services. Consistently assessing how well the data are managed is one way to establish or demonstrate the trustworthiness of the data. This paper presents the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) Stewardship Maturity Matrix for Climate Data (SMM-CD) and the subsidiary SMM-CD for National and Regional Purposes (SMM-CD_NRP). Both these matrices have been developed with the support of the WMO and its High-Quality Global Data Management Framework for Climate (HQ-GDMFC). These self-assessment tools enable data managers to discover WMO recommended data stewardship practices, determine a roadmap for future development and improvement, as well as compare their process against other data providers. Datasets which have been maturity assessed are included in the WMO Climate Data Catalogue, where users can include the results of these maturity assessments into their decisionmaking process. The SMM-CD contains four categories (data access, usability and usage, quality management, and data management) each of which has a number of aspects, with scores assigned to one of five levels. A smaller number of categories in the SMM-CD_NRP are assigned to four levels appropriate for operationally produced datasets which are national or regional in scope. We explore a number of case studies where these matrices have been applied, as well as supply links to where the Guidance Documents and Assessment Templates (which may be updated) can be found.

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A Third Generation of Homogenized Temperature for Trend Analysis and Monitoring Changes in Canada’s Climate

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Rapid attribution analysis of the extraordinary heatwave on the Pacific Coast of the US and Canada June 2021

Rapid attribution analysis of the extraordinary heatwave on the Pacific Coast of the US and Canada June 2021

Evaluation of surface mass-balance records using geodetic data and physically-based modelling, Place and Peyto glaciers, western Canada

Stewardship Maturity Assessment Tools for Modernization of Climate Data Management

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