A Three-Dimensional Analysis of Morphological Variations in Maxillary Second Molar in a North Indian Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Abstract

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has evolved in the field of endodontics and has helped to diagnose and treat the case very easily and accurately. The researchers set out to pinpoint the exact placement of the roots and canals in the maxillary second molars of North Indians by analyzing CBCT pictures.Methods: In this study, in vivo CBCT was used to examine the maxillary second molars (n = 70) in detail. Both the number and configuration of root canals may be determined using Vertucci's categorization.Results: Most people had three roots in their second molars (85.7%). Most maxillary second molars that had three roots looked like they had three separate roots (81.7%). In the roots of 85.7% of maxillary second molars, one canal was found in the mesiobuccal roots, and 14.2% had an MB2 canal. All of the canals in the palatal, distobuccal root, and MB1 root were Type I. The Type II canal configuration was found in 11.7% of MB2 canals. Type IV canals were found in 5% of the MB2 canals. The number of maxillary second molars with MB2 was found to be the same for both men and women (P =0.11). The number of MB2 cases did not depend on where the teeth were or how old the person was (P=0.08 and 0.06, respectively). The fact that both second molars appeared at the same time was important (P<0.001).Conclusions: We report the occurrence of unusual morphologic abnormalities that affect only one root and have only been described in case reports. CBCT scans can help doctors better understand root canal anatomy and potentially enhancing endodontic management outcomes.

Maxillary second molar with morphologic variations in number of roots & canals: Literature review & report of two cases

“…However, routine usage of this method should be avoided due to its higher cost and the need to justify the exposure to ionising radiation on an individual basis. 15,16 Utilising a dental microscope or surgical loupes aids in the diagnosis. These gadgets enhance the visibility of the surgical area, hence improving the chances of identifying hidden canals.…”

“…In 79% of cases, Pérez-Heredia et al 15 (Table 1) observed that maxillary second molars possessed three roots. Afzal N et al 16 (Table 1) also did a study specifically on maxillary second molars and found that the majority of these teeth had three roots. In their investigation, Ghoncheh et al 17 (Table 1) aimed to evaluate the root morphology of the maxillary first and second molars in an Iranian population.…”