A three-dimensional human walking model

Yang, Qingshan; Qin, Jingwei; Law, S.S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2015.07.017

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…DLFs measured on a rigid floor are therefore assumed to be the same as those that would be measured on a moving floor if the displacements are small. Moreover, DLFs can also be derived using analytical models that are usually inspired by biomechanics as the inverted pendulum model [55,56]. Zivanović et al [8] reported a review of the DLFs used in single walker force models.…”

Section: Standard Population Of Walkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic and Probabilistic Serviceability Assessment of Footbridge Vibrations due to a Single Walker Crossing

Demartino

Avossa

Ricciardelli

2018

Shock and Vibration

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This paper presents a numerical study on the deterministic and probabilistic serviceability assessment of footbridge vibrations due to a single walker crossing. The dynamic response of the footbridge is analyzed by means of modal analysis, considering only the first lateral and vertical modes. Single span footbridges with uniform mass distribution are considered, with different values of the span length, natural frequencies, mass, and structural damping and with different support conditions. The load induced by a single walker crossing the footbridge is modeled as a moving sinusoidal force either in the lateral or in the vertical direction. The variability of the characteristics of the load induced by walkers is modeled using probability distributions taken from the literature defining a Standard Population of walkers. Deterministic and probabilistic approaches were adopted to assess the peak response. Based on the results of the simulations, deterministic and probabilistic vibration serviceability assessment methods are proposed, not requiring numerical analyses. Finally, an example of the application of the proposed method to a truss steel footbridge is presented. The results highlight the advantages of the probabilistic procedure in terms of reliability quantification.

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Section: Standard Population Of Walkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic and Probabilistic Serviceability Assessment of Footbridge Vibrations due to a Single Walker Crossing

Demartino

Avossa

Ricciardelli

2018

Shock and Vibration

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“…Since that time a number of papers have been published introducing a variety of mathematical models of this phenomenon. However, there is still insufficient understanding of the physics which is behind the phenomenon and governs this interaction [2]. This paper presents an experimental verification of the model described earlier by Blachowski et al [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…If one assumes, for simplicity, that the double-support phase of walking is negligibly short, then: (1) GRF is equal to the sum of the forces of gravity and inertia acting at the CoM during its movement along the prescribed trajectory. (2) The position of the supporting foot's center of pressure is the spot on the ground from which the GRF points towards the CoM.…”

Section: Model Of Pedestrian's Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Measurement of a Pedestrian’s Center-of-Mass Trajectory

Ortíz

Błachowski

Hołobut

et al. 2017

Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series

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This paper presents the measurement and model updating of a pedestrian's center of mass trajectory. A mathematical model proposed by the authors [1] is updated using the actual trajectory of a pedestrian. The mathematical model is based on the principle that a human's control capability tries to maintain balance with respect to the pedestrian's center of mass (CoM), independently of the surface type. In this research, the human is considered as a mass point concentrated at CoM. The parameters of the models are updated using experimental identification of the human walking trajectory on a rigid surface. The proposed measurement technique applies infrared emitter and a depth sensor, which enable skeletal tracking of the pedestrian walking on rigid or flexible structures. Experiments were performed using a mobile platform with the time-of-flight commercial camera Microsoft Kinect for Windows 2.0. The velocity of the mobile platform is set to maintain a one meter separation from the pedestrian in order to provide high resolution. The results allow identification of the human's trajectory and its relation to the walking surface's behavior.

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“…A major limitation of current studies about the 2D walking model is that all models are restricted to a twodimensional plane and they fail to include the 3D dynamic parameters [26,40,41]. From another perspective, the 2D model is defective as to its inability to calculate the lateral GRF in terms that is the cardinal feature of the oscillation behavior of human walking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-Dimensional Mass-Spring Walking Model Could Describe the Ground Reaction Forces

Liang

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2021

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The oscillatory behavior of the center of mass (CoM) and the ground reaction forces (GRFs) of walking people can be successfully explained by a 2D spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model. However, the application of the 2D model is just restricted to a two-dimensional plane as the model fails to take the GRFs in the lateral direction into consideration. In this article, we simulated the gait cycle with a nonlinear dynamic model—a three-dimensional bipedal walking model—that compensated for defects in the 2D model. An experiment was conducted to compare the simulation results with the experimental data, which revealed that the experimental data of the ground reaction forces were in good agreement with the results of numerical simulation. A correlation analysis was also conducted between several initial dynamic parameters of the model. Through an examination of the impact of 3D dynamic parameters on the peaks of GRFs in three directions, we found that the 3D parameters had a major effect on the lateral GRFs. These findings demonstrate that the characteristics of human walking can be interpreted from a simple spring-damper system.

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A three-dimensional human walking model

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

Deterministic and Probabilistic Serviceability Assessment of Footbridge Vibrations due to a Single Walker Crossing

Deterministic and Probabilistic Serviceability Assessment of Footbridge Vibrations due to a Single Walker Crossing

Modeling and Measurement of a Pedestrian’s Center-of-Mass Trajectory

A Three-Dimensional Mass-Spring Walking Model Could Describe the Ground Reaction Forces

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