A toxicological evaluation of a fulvic and humic acids preparation

Murbach, Timothy S.; Glávits, Róbert; Endres, John R.; Clewell, Amy E.; Hirka, Gábor; Vértesi, Adél; Béres, Erzsébet; Szakonyiné, Ilona Pasics

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.030

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The gain of body weight and water had no significant changes intake in all FA-treated groups. Similarly, a recent study showed that the body weights, hematological variables, indices of thyroid function, and microscopic organ histology had no significant changes when adult rats were orally administrated with HA at the dose of 2000 mg/kg for 90 days [ 34 ]. In another study, dietary supplementation of 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% FA significantly reduced mean backfat thickness of pigs with the significant increases of the serum levels of low-density lipoprotein, leptin, growth hormone, insulin, and triiodothyronine [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Toxicological Assessment of Fulvic Acid

Dai

Xiao

Yuan

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Fulvic acid (FA), a humic substance, has several nutraceutical properties, including anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, and immune regulation abilities. However, systematic safety assessment remains insufficient. In the present study, a battery of toxicological studies was conducted per internationally accepted standards to investigate the genotoxicity and repeated-dose oral toxicity of FA. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats or ICR mice were used. Compared to the control group, there were no significant changes (all p > 0.05 ) in all FA treatment groups in the bacterial reverse mutation test, in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test, in vivo sperm shape abnormality assay, and in vivo mouse micronucleus assay. The acute toxicity test showed that no mortality or toxic effect was observed following oral administration of the maximum dose of 5,000 mg/kg BW/day to mice or rats. A 60-day subchronic study was conducted at 0 (control), 200, 1,000, and 5,000 mg/kg/day. Compared to the control group, there were no significant changes (all p > 0.05 ) in the body weights, feed consumption, clinical signs, hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weights, or histopathology examinations. In conclusion, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of FA supplementation from the 60-day study was determined to be 5,000 mg/kg body weight/day, the highest dose tested. Our findings suggest that the oral administration of FA may have higher safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Toxicological Assessment of Fulvic Acid

Dai

Xiao

Yuan

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Humic Substances: Its Toxicology, Chemistry and Biology Associated with Soil, Plants… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98518 O (25-45), H (4-7), N (10-13) and inorganic elements (ash) 0.5-5 Table 1 [20]. summaries the composition of humic substances.…”

Section: Fulvic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two active New Dietary Ingredient Notices (NDIN) for use in a dietary supplement containing additional minerals to improve the status of minerals and trace elements were subjected to a specific preparation of HA and FA derived from Hungarian peat [20]. The NDIN has recorded 9 unpublished and one published clinical evaluations in which mineral status in humans has been improved and/or absorption is inhibited and toxic element excreted [23].…”

Section: Preparation Of Fulvic and Humic Acids: A Toxicological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic Substances: Its Toxicology, Chemistry and Biology Associated with Soil, Plants and Environment

Gautam¹,

Navaratna²,

Muthukumaran³

et al. 2021

Humic Substance [Working Title]

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In recent decades, scientists in different disciplines have been increasingly concerned about the fate of natural organic matter, and in particular of humic substances (HS). The term humic substances (HS) incorporates refractory autochthonous and terrestrial organic matter in the soil and aquatic ecosystem, and are one of the key fractions of natural organic matter. These substances are important chelators of trace elements constituting complex class of molecular structures that occur naturally, consisting of aggregation and assembly processes in which biomolecules derived from plant and animal residues are gradually transformed through biotic and abiotic tracts. Since these organic compounds are bound by or linked with soil mineral fractions, they must be physically or chemically separated from the inorganic components by an extraction method before their physico-chemical study. This chapter focuses on the chemo-toxicological, molecular aspects of humic compounds and their derivatives such as humins, fulvic acids, humic acids etc., with their agricultural, biomedical, environmental and biochemical applications. In addition to studying their impact on plant physiology and soil microstructure to expand our understanding about humic compounds.

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“…HAs and NaH have been used orally to treat dyspepsia, diarrhea, and acute intoxication in swine and poultry [ 8 , 9 ]. Murbach et al (2020) [ 10 ] demonstrated the nontoxicity of NaH by in vitro and in vivo tests. In growing-finishing pigs, supplementation with HAs improved growth performance, immune status, and decreased diarrhea incidence [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sodium Humate on the Growth Performance, Diarrhea Incidence, Blood Parameters, and Fecal Microflora of Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves

Wang

You

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the administration of sodium humate (NaH) on the growth performance, diarrhea incidence, and fecal microflora of pre-weaned Holstein calves. In a 53-day experiment, forty healthy newborn female calves were randomly allocated to the following four treatment groups: (1) control (basal diet); (2) 1-gram NaH (basal diet extra orally supplemented with 1 g of NaH dissolved in 100 mL of milk or milk replacer daily); (3) 3-gram NaH (basal diet extra orally supplemented with 3 g of NaH dissolved in 100 mL of milk or milk replacer daily); and (4) 5-gram NaH (basal diet extra orally supplemented with 5 g of NaH dissolved in 100 mL of milk or milk replacer daily). NaH was mixed with milk (d 2–20) or milk replacer (d 21–53). Calves in the 5-gram NaH group had a higher ADG during d 1 to 21 and d 21 to 53 than the other groups did (p < 0.05). Fecal scores and diarrheal incidence were significantly lower in the 3-gram and 5-gram NaH groups than the 1-gram NaH and control groups during d 1 to 20 (p < 0.05). The serum IgA, IgG and IL-4 concentrations, and T-SOD and T-AOC activities were higher, and the serum IL-6, TNF-α, D-lactic acid, and MDA concentrations were lower in the 5-gram NaH group than the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NaH supplementation increased the abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus but decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli in feces (p < 0.05). These encouraging findings indicated that supplementation with 5 g of NaH effectively improved the immune status, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal beneficial bacteria, and further improved the growth performance and reduced the diarrhea incidence of the pre-weaned dairy calves.

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A toxicological evaluation of a fulvic and humic acids preparation

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 37 publications

References 46 publications

A Comprehensive Toxicological Assessment of Fulvic Acid

A Comprehensive Toxicological Assessment of Fulvic Acid

Humic Substances: Its Toxicology, Chemistry and Biology Associated with Soil, Plants and Environment

Influence of Sodium Humate on the Growth Performance, Diarrhea Incidence, Blood Parameters, and Fecal Microflora of Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves

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