A Traditional Chinese Medicine Traceability System Based on Lightweight Blockchain (Preprint)

Abstract

UNSTRUCTURED Recently, the problem of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) safety has attracted the whole society’s attention. In order to prevent fake drugs from spread, it is necessary to establish drug traceability system. The traditional drug traceability system can record the whole circulation process of drugs from planting, production, processing and warehousing from hospitals to patients. Once fake drugs are found, they can be traced back to the source. However, there are some drawbacks in the traditional drug traceability system, such as failing to prevent tampering and causing sensitive disclosure easily. Although blockchain (including Bitcoin and Ethernet Square) is an effective technology to solve traditional drug traceability system’s problems. However, some risks makes it less reliable for blockchain such as information explosion, sensitive information leakage and poor scalability. To avoid these application risks, we propose a kind of lightweight block chain framework.This framework performed both horizontal and vertical segmentations in designing the blocks, and provided effective strategies for both segmentions, respectively. For horizontal segmentation operations, the header and body of the blockchain are separated and stored in the blockchain, and the body is stored in the IPFS (Inter Planetary File System). For vertical segmentation operations, block chain is cut off according to time or size. For new blocks’ addition, miners only need to copy the latest part of the blockchain and append the tail and vertical segmentation of the block through the consensus mechanism. Our proposed framework could greatly reduce the size of the blockchain, and improve the verification efficiency. Experimental results show that the efficiency improves when a new block is added to the blockchain and conducting search compared with Ethernet.

Research on the Coupling of Centralized Drug Procurement based on Blockchain Technology

“…In addition, it is also used in the fields of drug tracing and pharmaceutical resource scheduling. For example, in the context of the serious threat of counterfeit drugs to the pharmaceutical industry, a blockchain-based TCM supply traceability model was built (Xiao Yong, 2021) [19], and a drug traceability system was built using the super ledger fabric platform from a systematic perspective. Its operability and practical significance further realized the full traceability of drugs (Mueen, 2021) [20].…”

Research on the Legal Issues of Personal Information Protection Under the Background of Normal Epidemic Prevention

“…追溯个人信息保护的本质问题，其实是"信任危 机" ，公权力天然具有的强势性、商业主体以盈利为 目的的天然属性、日趋复杂的信息主体彼此博弈、层 层叠叠的信息中间环节时刻面临脱节风险、信息主体 处于信息不对等的最弱端……诸多要素相互作用，无 不将公众时时置于信息泄露的恐慌中。而区块链技术 因其链式存储、加密算法、分布式架构、共识机制和 智能合约技术特征 [9] ，既能有效提高个人信息自决权， 又以"去中心化"的方式促使用户个人信息主权重新 得到技术承认巩固，更好保证多元主体利益平衡，并 能充分挖掘数据信息价值，推动个人信息可信共享， 化"个人信息孤岛"为联动的大数据网络，发掘背后 隐藏的商业价值与公共性价值，为个人信息治理困境 的破解提供全新可能。而且区块链技术具有不可篡改 性，使用非对称加密技术，能够对侵权行为进行溯源 抓取记录，做到"全程留痕" ，具有高度的信任背书， 再次，区块链技术还能有效解决个人信息侵权寻求救 济困难的问题，在个人信息保护中，区块链证据的法 律效力已于司法实践中获得认可。同时，区块链技术 结合爬虫、大数据等技术，能对侵权行为进行抓取分 析和识别，并能对用户因侵权致使的损失进行动态分 析，精准确定侵权赔偿额 [10] 。因此，以区块链为代表 的新兴技术引进无疑能为现阶段的个人信息保护提 供了一种可行性极高的新思路。…”