A two-component pictured-based appetite assessment tool is capable of detecting appetite sensations in younger children: A pilot study

Predictive Validity of Image-Based Motivation-to-Eat Visual Analogue Scales in Normal Weight Children and Adolescents Aged 9–14 Years

“…Regarding the use of images in motivation-to-eat VASs, a previous study in healthy adults asked how many portions they could eat of 10 different photographed foods and reported no differences between the image-based and traditional VAS [32]. More specific to youth, other subjective appetite rating systems have featured pictures and visual cues to model levels of appetite for children [22][23][24][25]. Although the children in these studies were younger than those in the present study (4-8 years vs. 9-14 years), it was hypothesized that a greater understanding of subjective appetite would be fostered through images.…”

“…One study reported differences in ratings before and after an ad libitum meal when using a categorical appetite system [22]. Finally, a recent study that evaluated a picture-based appetite assessment tool to detect hunger and fullness cues in children aged 4-10 years found that the tool was able to detect expected changes in appetite sensations; the tool also had good agreement with the traditional paper-based VAS instrument [25].…”

“…The only study that has assessed the reproducibility and validity of motivation-to-eat VASs in children and adolescents found weak associations between motivation-to-eat VASs and test meal food intake (FI) in 9-14-year-old boys [21]. Picture-based motivation-to-eat VASs have since been developed for use in pediatric appetite trials as a means of increasing comprehension [22][23][24][25], though these VASs have not been used in older children and adolescents. There are no other published studies using digital picture-based VASs to assess motivation-to-eat in youth, nor are there any studies that have reported the validity or utility of VASs to predict subsequent FI in youth.…”

Assessment of Undernutrition in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease - Gaps and Opportunities

“…Another tool developed for children under the age of 5 years relevant to low-income countries is the Early Childhood Appetite and Satiety Tool (ECAST) ( 17 ). Other recently studied tools include the picture-based appetite assessment for younger children aged 4–10 years (using pictures of individualized activities over desire to eat) and a visual analog scale (the patient marks the point of current state perceived on a line with two extreme states of appetite) for children above the age of 8 years ( 18 ). Abnormality in taste perception has been described in children with CKD that results from a low density of papillae and taste loss that strongly correlates with renal function ( 19 ).…”