A two step Microwave-assisted coke resistant mesoporous Ni-Co catalyst for methane steam reforming

Enhancement of hydrogen production via methanol steam reforming using a Ni-based catalyst supported by spongy mesoporous alumina

“…The carbon on the catalyst usually decomposes after 200 °C. 51 The mass of the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 -5H catalyst decreases by 1.292% after 12 h stability testing, while the mass of the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 -Com catalyst decreases by 1.825%, which indicates that the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 -5H catalyst shows less carbon deposition. Overall, the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 -5H catalyst shows quite good stability, which is superior to that of the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 -Com catalyst.…”

“…Besides, the Ni particles with an average diameter of 3.7 nm can also inhibit the carbon accumulation of the catalyst significantly. The spongy mesoporous structure of the Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 -5H catalyst is favorable to prevent the Boudouard reaction (2CO (g) ) → C (s) + (CO 2(g) ) from proceeding on top of the catalysts, 51 thus inhibiting the aggregation of carbon on the surface of the catalysts to cover the active metal sites. 12…”

“…The carbon on the catalyst usually decomposes after 200 °C. 51 In order to assess the stability performance of the Ni/ γ-Al 2 O 3 -5H catalyst in methanol steam reforming, Table 3 sum- S8 † the Ni 2p spectra of both spent catalysts are slightly shifted towards higher binding energy relative to the fresh catalysts. This is due to the oxidation of the Ni metal phase during the catalytic process and the interaction between the Ni atom and oxygen atom, resulting in a shift of the peaks of Ni 2p 3/2 and Ni 2p 1/2 towards higher binding energy.…”

Microwave-Absorbing Catalysts in Catalytic Reactions of Biofuel Production

“…Exposing catalysts to microwave not only helps in heating up the object, the microwave irradiation also leads to the movement of atoms where the angle of the atoms of catalyst will change and open up the active sites. It is also observed that the materials become porous and specific pore volume or surface area increases after being exposed to microwave irradiation [20,23,24]. With more pores generated, the gas or liquid flow passing by the catalysts results in higher reaction rates with the catalysts as compared to non-microwave irradiated catalysts.…”

“…The catalyst synthesized via microwave-assisted technologies is tabulated in Table 6 while the methane reforming assisted with microwave is presented in Table 7. The occurrence of carbon deposition on catalyst's surface at 300-100 • C has led to the catalyst deactivation, therefore the optimization of catalyst fabrication is much needed [24]. The study of Wattanathana et al has reported that the platinum doped on calcined cerium complex with cubic fluorite structure through microwave-assisted wetness impregnation showed good catalytic activity and reduced coke formation with the increasing amount of platinum doped [78].…”