A two-year monitoring of pesticide hazard in-hive: High honey bee mortality rates during insecticide poisoning episodes in apiaries located near agricultural settings

Calatayud-Vernich, Pau; Calatayud, Fernando; Simó, Enrique; Pascual-Aguilar, Juan; Picó, Yolanda

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.170

Cited by 68 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, fipronil and all three neonicotinoids (including the restricted ones) screened in our study were detected in our samples. Therefore, despite the current limitations on the use of PPPs containing these active ingredients, according to the present monitoring results, honeybees are still exposed to potentially harmful levels of these pesticides, as already observed in previous studies [25][26][27]. Fungicides were also often detected (39.3%) with a wide variety of active ingredients, the most frequently found being penconazole and pyrimethanil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

A Survey from 2015 to 2019 to Investigate the Occurrence of Pesticide Residues in Dead Honeybees and Other Matrices Related to Honeybee Mortality Incidents in Italy

et al. 2019

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Honeybee health can be compromised not only by infectious and infesting diseases, but also by the acute or chronic action of certain pesticides. In recent years, there have been numerous reports of colony mortality by Italian beekeepers, but the investigations of these losses have been inconsistent, both in relation to the type of personnel involved (beekeepers, official veterinarians, members of the police force, etc.) and the procedures utilized. It was therefore deemed necessary to draw up national guidelines with the aim of standardizing sampling active ties. In this paper, we present the results of a survey carried out in Italy from 2015 to 2019, following these guidelines. Residues of 150 pesticides in 696 samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. On average, 50% of the honeybee samples were positive for one or more pesticides with an average of 2 different pesticides per sample and a maximum of seven active ingredients, some of which had been banned in Europe or were not authorized in Italy. Insecticides were the most frequently detected, mainly belonging to the pyrethroid group (49%, above all tau-fluvalinate), followed by organophosphates (chlorpyrifos, 18%) and neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, 7%). This work provides further evidence of the possible relationship between complex pesticide exposure and honeybee mortality and/or depopulation of hives.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

A Survey from 2015 to 2019 to Investigate the Occurrence of Pesticide Residues in Dead Honeybees and Other Matrices Related to Honeybee Mortality Incidents in Italy

et al. 2019

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“…Abundant evidence exists from laboratory studies, but also field studies, that pesticides have detrimental health effects on social bees at levels encountered in the environment (see [113,114] for excellent overviews on the impacts of systemic insecticides on social insects and organisms in general). Several authors have found a positive correlation between the pesticide levels found either in bees themselves or pollen and the mortality rates of individuals or number of workers/colony development in the field [115][116][117][118][119][120]. Risk assessments correlating pesticide residues found in pollen or honey with health effects also strongly support that many bees in agricultural landscapes are threatened by the pesticide levels they encounter under natural conditions [34,114].…”

Section: Major Classes Of Pollutants Threatening Social Insectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pollutants and Their Interaction with Diseases of Social Hymenoptera

Feldhaar

Otti

2020

Insects

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Many insect species, including social insects, are currently declining in abundance and diversity. Pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, or airborne fine particulate matter from agricultural and industrial sources are among the factors driving this decline. While these pollutants can have direct detrimental effects, they can also result in negative interactive effects when social insects are simultaneously exposed to multiple stressors. For example, sublethal effects of pollutants can increase the disease susceptibility of social insects, and thereby jeopardize their survival. Here we review how pesticides, heavy metals, or airborne fine particulate matter interact with social insect physiology and especially the insects’ immune system. We then give an overview of the current knowledge of the interactive effects of these pollutants with pathogens or parasites. While the effects of pesticide exposure on social insects and their interactions with pathogens have been relatively well studied, the effects of other pollutants, such as heavy metals in soil or fine particulate matter from combustion, vehicular transport, agriculture, and coal mining are still largely unknown. We therefore provide an overview of urgently needed knowledge in order to mitigate the decline of social insects.

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“…A survey performed in Italy from 2015 to 2019 revealed that among the 696 samples of dead honey bees analyzed, 0.8% included pyriproxyfen with concentrations ranging from 3.7 to 5.9 ng/bee [137]. On the contrary, among 17 samples of dead honey bees analyzed by Calatayud-Vernich et al [134], two (11.8%) included residues of pyriproxyfen at concentrations of 4 µg/kg and 558 µg/kg.…”

Section: Lethal Sublethal and Behavioral Effects At The Hive Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again, the concentrations found were inferior to the LOQs [131]. Vidau [132] detected pyriproxyfen in 11.1% of the pollen samples analyzed (LOQ = 10 µg/kg) while Calatayud-Vernich et al [133] found pyriproxyfen in one of the 45 pollen samples analyzed at a concentration of 6 µg/kg and in 12% of the beebread samples analyzed (n = 33) at concentrations ranging from 1 to 5 µg/kg [134]. During a two-year study performed in IPM (integrated pest management) citrus orchards, Garcia-Valcárcel et al [135] found pyriproxyfen at concentrations up to 43.2 µg/kg in fresh pollen samples and up to 3.4 µg/kg in honey bees.…”

Section: Lethal Sublethal and Behavioral Effects At The Hive Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Pyriproxyfen on Apis and Non-Apis Bees

Devillers¹,

Devillers

2020

Toxics

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Pyriproxyfen is a juvenile hormone mimic used extensively worldwide to fight pests in agriculture and horticulture. It also has numerous applications as larvicide in vector control. The molecule disrupts metamorphosis and adult emergence in the target insects. The same types of adverse effects are expected on non-target insects. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the existing information on the toxicity of pyriproxyfen on the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and non-Apis bees (bumble bees, solitary bees, and stingless bees). The goal was also to identify the gaps necessary to fill. Thus, whereas the acute and sublethal toxicity of pyriproxyfen against A. mellifera is well-documented, the information is almost lacking for the non-Apis bees. The direct and indirect routes of exposure of the non-Apis bees to pyriproxyfen also need to be identified and quantified. More generally, the impacts of pyriproxyfen on the reproductive success of the different bee species have to be evaluated as well as the potential adverse effects of its metabolites.

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A two-year monitoring of pesticide hazard in-hive: High honey bee mortality rates during insecticide poisoning episodes in apiaries located near agricultural settings

Cited by 68 publications

References 45 publications

A Survey from 2015 to 2019 to Investigate the Occurrence of Pesticide Residues in Dead Honeybees and Other Matrices Related to Honeybee Mortality Incidents in Italy

A Survey from 2015 to 2019 to Investigate the Occurrence of Pesticide Residues in Dead Honeybees and Other Matrices Related to Honeybee Mortality Incidents in Italy

Pollutants and Their Interaction with Diseases of Social Hymenoptera

Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Pyriproxyfen on Apis and Non-Apis Bees

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