A typology of dietary and anthropometric measures of nutritional need among children across districts and parliamentary constituencies in India, 2016

Beckerman-Hsu, Jacob P; Chatterjee, Pritha; Kim, Rockli; Sharma, Smriti; Subramanian, S. V.

doi:10.7189/jogh.10.020424

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A negligible proportion (<1 %) of mothers responded 'don't know' against the food given to their children, and those responses are considered as their children were not given that food in the present study. Such an approach does not affect the overall analysis, as documented in earlier studies (7,18) .…”

Section: Minimum Dietary Diversity Failurementioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, failing to receive the minimum required dietary diversity (less than five food groups) is counted as minimum dietary diversity failure (MDDF) for a child. The purpose of developing MDD indicators was three-fold: (1) compare feeding practices among regions over time; (2) identify vulnerable population groups and prioritise intervention strategies; (3) monitor progress and evaluate intervention impacts (6,7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity failure among Indian children

Kumar

Kumar²,

Kumar³

2022

J Nutr Sci

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Recognising the importance of infant and young child feeding practices during the first 2 years of life, the World Health Organization's Global Nutrition Monitoring Framework developed a minimum dietary diversity (MDD) indicator for feeding children aged 6–23 months. MDD is defined as the consumption of food items from five or more groups out of a total of eight food groups. Food intake from less than five food groups is considered minimum dietary diversity failure (MDDF). Using the nationally representative National Family Health Survey (NFHS) dataset, the present study assessed the trend in MDDF between 2005–6 and 2015–16 and the factors associated with MDDF among children aged 6–23 months during 2015–16. The NFHS conducted in 2005–6 and 2015–16 covered a sample of 14 419 and 74 078 children aged 6–23 months, respectively. Overall, the MDDF reduced from 87⋅4 % (95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 86⋅8 %, 87⋅9 %) in 2005–6 to 80⋅6 % (95 % CI 80⋅1 %, 81⋅0 %) in 2015–16. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that increased child's age, second and third birth order children, higher maternal age and education, mass media exposure of mothers and more than four antenatal care visits had a negative association with the MDDF. Children living in rural areas and residing in high-focus states of India were observed with higher odds of experiencing MDDF. Exposure to community healthcare services was negatively associated with MDDF, and anaemic children were more likely to have MDDF. Socioeconomic status of mothers and children and encouragement of maternal and child healthcare use could be helpful in devising context-specific intervention to mitigate MDDF.

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Section: Minimum Dietary Diversity Failurementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity failure among Indian children

Kumar

Kumar²,

Kumar³

2022

J Nutr Sci

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“…Given that Beckerman-Hsu et al 13 found larger variations of the DAF categories at the district level in India, future research must also take a more granular look into county-and district-level DAF prevalence to properly choose and prioritize food policy interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Undernutrition Among Children in 55 Low- and Middle-Income Countries Using Dietary and Anthropometric Measures

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Evidence on the suitability of anthropometric failure (ie, stunting, underweight, and wasting) as a stand-alone measure of child undernutrition can inform global and national nutrition and health agendas. OBJECTIVE To provide a comprehensive estimate of the prevalence of child undernutrition by evaluating both dietary and anthropometric measures simultaneously across 55 low-and middleincome countries. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This was a cross-sectional study that used Demographic and Health Surveys program data from July 2009 to January 2019, to allocate children into dietary and anthropometric failure categories. Nationally representative household surveys were conducted in 55 low-and middle-income countries. Participants included children aged 6 to 23 months who were born singleton and had valid anthropometric measures as well as available 24-hour food intake recollection. Data analysis was conducted from August 23 to October 22, 2020. EXPOSURES Two factors were considered to allocate children into the respective categories. Dietary failure was based on the World Health Organization standards for minimum dietary diversity. Anthropometric failure was constructed using the World Health Organization child growth reference standard z score for stunted growth, muscle wasting, and less than average weight for age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Dietary and anthropometric failures were cross-tabulated, which yielded 4 potential outcomes: dietary failure only, anthropometric failure only, both failures, and neither failure. Total child populations for each category were extrapolated from United Nations population estimates. RESULTS Of the 162 589 children (median age [range], 14 months [6-23 months]; 83 467 boys [51.3%]; 78 894 Asian children [48.5%]) in our sample, 42.9% of children had dietary failure according to the standard World Health Organization definition without being identified as having anthropometric failures. In all, 34.7% had both failures, 42.9% had dietary failure only, 8.3% had anthropometric failure only, and 14.1% had neither failure. Dietary and anthropometric measures were discordant for 51.2% of children; these children had nutritional needs identified by only 1 of the 2 measures. Dietary failure doubled the proportion of children in need of dietary interventions compared with anthropometry alone (43%). A total of 45.3 million additional children who experienced undernutrition in these 55 countries were not captured through the evaluation of anthropometric failures only. These results were consistent across geographic regions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the current standard of measuring child undernutrition by estimating the prevalence of anthropometric failure (continued) Key Points Question Is anthropometric failure an adequate stand-alone measure to estimate global child undernutrition, and how do estimates change when dietary measures are also taken into account? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 162 589 children (...

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“…To harmonise the district information, the 34 districts newly formed between 2011 and 2016 were merged with their respective parent districts. 18 We computed CIs for the mean using SEs.…”

Section: Geospatial Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%