Embedding a functional
metal-oxo cluster within the matrix of metal–organic
frameworks (MOFs) is a feasible approach for the development of advanced
porous materials. Herein, three isoreticular pillar-layered MOFs (Co6-MOF-1–3) based on a unique [Co6(μ3–OH)6] cluster were designed, synthesized,
and structurally characterized. For these Co6-MOFs, tuning
of the framework backbone was facilitated due to the existence of
second ligands, which results in adjustable apertures (8.8 to 13.4
Å) and high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surfaces (1896–2401
m2 g–1). As the [Co6(μ3–OH)6] cluster has variable valences, these
MOFs were then utilized as heterogeneous catalysts for the selective
oxidation of styrene and benzyl alcohol, showing high conversion (>90%)
and good selectivity. The selectivity of styrene to styrene oxide
surpassed 80% and that of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde was up to
98%. The calculated TOF values show that the increase of reaction
rate is positively correlated with the enlargement of pore sizes in
these MOFs. Further, a stability test and cycling experiment proved
that these Co6-MOFs have well-observed stability and recyclability.