A validated network of effective amygdala connectivity

Stein, Jason L.; Wiedholz, Lisa M.; Bassett, Danielle S.; Weinberger, Daniel R.; Zink, Caroline F.; Mattay, Venkata S.; Meyer‐Lindenberg, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.022

Cited by 369 publications

(366 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The enhanced testosterone levels were positively correlated with superior frontal cortex responses, and negatively with orbitofrontal cortex responses. Whereas the superior frontal regions are implicated in the controlled regulation of affect, the inferior frontal regions are thought to regulate emotional responses automatically via direct connections to the amygdala (Stefanacci and Amaral, 2002;Phillips et al, 2003;Ochsner and Gross, 2005;Stein et al, 2007). This suggests that the regulatory function of the orbitofrontal cortex decreases with increasing testosterone levels, potentially contributing to the observed amygdala disinhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone Increases Amygdala Reactivity in Middle-Aged Women to a Young Adulthood Level

Wingen

Zylicz

Pieters

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

122

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Testosterone modulates mood and sexual function in women. However, androgen levels decline with age, which may relate to the ageassociated change in sexual functioning and the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders. These effects of testosterone are potentially mediated by the amygdala. In the present study, we investigated whether the age-related decline in androgen levels is associated with reduced amygdala activity, and whether exogenous testosterone can restore amygdala activity. Healthy young and middle-aged women participated during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, and amygdala responses to biologically salient stimuli were measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Androgen levels were lower in middle-aged than young women, which was associated with decreased amygdala reactivity. Endogenous testosterone levels correlated positively with amygdala reactivity across the young and middle-aged women. The middle-aged women received a single nasal dose of testosterone in a double-blind, placebocontrolled, crossover manner, which rapidly increased amygdala reactivity to a level comparable to the young women. The enhanced testosterone levels correlated positively with superior frontal cortex responses and negatively with orbitofrontal cortex responses across individuals, which may reflect testosterone-induced changes in amygdala regulation. These results show that testosterone modulates amygdala reactivity in women, and suggest that the age-related decline in androgen levels contribute to the decrease in amygdala reactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone Increases Amygdala Reactivity in Middle-Aged Women to a Young Adulthood Level

Wingen

Zylicz

Pieters

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although densely networked with the amygdala, the insula can regulate cardiovascular function through autonomic mechanisms that do not entail an obligatory amygdala pathway (Yasui et al, 1991;Cechetto, 1994;Verbene and Owens, 1998). Furthermore, the posterior cingulate is a functionally heterogeneous area that is indirectly networked with the amygdala and not extensively networked with autonomiccardiovascular control areas (Mayberg, 1997;Vogt et al, 2006;Stein et al, 2007). As speculated previously, posterior cingulate activity likely relates to indicators of autonomic-cardiovascular control via pathways relayed through perigenual cingulate areas more proximally involved in autonomic-cardiovascular regulation (Gianaros et al, 2005;O'Connor et al, 2007).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Differences in Stressor-Evoked Blood Pressure Reactivity Vary with Activation, Volume, and Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala

Gianaros¹,

Sheu²,

Matthews³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

245

222

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Individuals who exhibit exaggerated blood pressure reactions to psychological stressors are at risk for hypertension, ventricular hypertrophy, and premature atherosclerosis; however, the neural systems mediating exaggerated blood pressure reactivity and associated cardiovascular risk in humans remain poorly defined. Animal models indicate that the amygdala orchestrates stressor-evoked blood pressure reactions via reciprocal signaling with corticolimbic and brainstem cardiovascular-regulatory circuits. Based on these models, we used a multimodal neuroimaging approach to determine whether human individual differences in stressor-evoked blood pressure reactivity vary with amygdala activation, gray matter volume, and functional connectivity with corticolimbic and brainstem areas implicated in stressor processing and cardiovascular regulation. We monitored mean arterial pressure (MAP) and concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging BOLD signal changes in healthy young individuals while they completed a Stroop color-word stressor task, validated previously in epidemiological studies of cardiovascular risk. Individuals exhibiting greater stressor-evoked MAP reactivity showed (1) greater amygdala activation, (2) lower amygdala gray matter volume, and (3) stronger positive functional connectivity between the amygdala and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex and brainstem pons. Individual differences in amygdala activation, gray matter volume, and functional connectivity with corticolimbic and brainstem circuits may partly underpin cardiovascular disease risk by impacting stressor-evoked blood pressure reactivity.

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“…Interestingly, the pattern of neurodegeneration found in our exploratory analysis on POD patients, suggests an involvement of WM tracts and GM structures of the fronto-limbic pathway: the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex exert a regulatory function on affective reactions through inhibitory connection with the amygdala (Stein et al, 2007); the genu allows interhemispheric communication between medial prefrontal cortex, while the cingulum connects temporal regions with orbitofrontal cortex, which all are cortical regions involved in emotion regulation and stress response and highly interconnected with the amygdala (Kim et al, 2011). During stress condition, the physiological response of the stress signaling pathways affect the interplay between amygdala and prefrontal cortex, leading to a bottom-up control exerted by the amygdala, with a detrimental effect on prefrontal cortex functioning (Arnsten, 2009).…”

Section: Neurodegeneration Without Amyloidosismentioning

confidence: 77%

Association of postoperative delirium with markers of neurodegeneration and brain amyloidosis: a pilot study

Rolandi

Cavedo

Pievani

et al. 2018

Neurobiology of Aging

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a b s t r a c tThe aim of the study was to investigate the association between postoperative delirium (POD) and in vivo markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in nondemented hip fracture surgery patients. POD was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method. Amyloid load was quantified on 18 F-Flutemetamol positron emission tomography images as standardized uptake value ratio. Secondary outcome measures were gray matter volumes, white matter integrity, and functional connectivity at rest. All the patients with POD (PODþ, N ¼ 5) were amyloid negative (standardized uptake value ratio <0.59), whereas 6 out of 11 patients without POD (PODÀ) showed brain amyloid positivity. PODþ compared to PODÀ displayed: lower gray matter volumes in the amygdala (p ¼ 0.003), in the middle temporal gyrus and in the anterior cingulate cortex (p < 0.001), increased diffusivity in the genu of the corpus callosum and in the anterior corona radiata (p < 0.05), and higher functional connectivity within the default mode network (p < 0.001). POD patients showed altered gray and white matter integrity in the fronto-limbic regions in absence of brain amyloidosis. Based on this preliminary investigation, delirium pathophysiology might be independent of Alzheimer's disease. Future studies on larger samples are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

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A validated network of effective amygdala connectivity

Cited by 369 publications

References 58 publications

Testosterone Increases Amygdala Reactivity in Middle-Aged Women to a Young Adulthood Level

Testosterone Increases Amygdala Reactivity in Middle-Aged Women to a Young Adulthood Level

Individual Differences in Stressor-Evoked Blood Pressure Reactivity Vary with Activation, Volume, and Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala

Association of postoperative delirium with markers of neurodegeneration and brain amyloidosis: a pilot study

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