A versatile graphene-based fluorescence “on/off” switch for multiplex detection of various targets

Zhang, Min; Yin, Bin‐Cheng; Tan, Weihong; Ye, Bang‐Ce

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2010.12.037

Cited by 224 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[15][16][17] Finally, several different probes can be attached to the same particle for multiplexed detection. 18,19 Recently, a number of fluorescent sensors have been prepared using carbon-based nanomaterials as quenchers (e.g. carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Beacon Lighting up on Graphene Oxide

2012

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A molecular beacon (MB) is comprised of a fluorophore and a quencher linked by a DNA hairpin. MBs have been widely used for homogeneous DNA detection. In addition to molecular quenchers, many nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO) also possess excellent quenching efficiency. Most reported fluorescent sensors relied on DNA probes physisorbed by GO, which may suffer from non-specific probe displacement and false positive signal. In this work, we report the preparation and characterization of a MB using graphene oxide (GO) as quencher, where an amino and FAM (6carboxyfluorescein) dual labeled DNA was covalently attached to GO via an amide linkage. A major challenge was to remove noncovalently attached probes due to strong DNA adsorption by GO. While DNA desorption was favored at low salt, high pH, high temperature, and by using organic solvents, the complementary DNA was required to achieve complete desorption of non-covalently linked DNA probes. The DNA adsorption energy was measured using isothermal titration calorimetry, revealing the heterogeneous nature of GO. The covalent probe has a detection limit of 2.2 nM using a sample volume of 0.05 mL. With 2 mL sample, the detection limit can reach 150 pM. The covalent probe is highly resistant to non-specific probe displacement and will find applications in serum and cellular samples where high probe stability is demanded.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Beacon Lighting up on Graphene Oxide

2012

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“…[12][13][14] At the same time, GO selectively adsorbs non-structured and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), [15,16] which can subsequently desorb upon forming double-stranded (dsDNA) or well-folded structures. Based on these understandings, many optical sensors have been designed for the detection of metal ions, [12,17,18] small molecules, [11, 19, 20] [14, 21] [6, 13, 22-24] proteins, and nucleic acids. For example, adsorption of a fluorophorelabeled probe DNA resulted in quenched fluorescence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14] At the same time, GO selectively adsorbs non-structured and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), [15,16] which can subsequently desorb upon forming double-stranded (dsDNA) or well-folded structures. Based on these understandings, many optical sensors have been designed for the detection of metal ions, [12,17,18] small molecules, process, the fluorophore-to-GO distance increased from zero to infinity to achieve the maximal fluorescence enhancement. In addition to GO, many other carbon based nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, [25][26][27][28][29] mesoporous carbon, [30] carbon nanoparticles [31,32] and water soluble nano-C60 [33] have also been tested for similar applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Huang

Liu

2012

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Graphene has attracted an immense amount of research interest due to its unique electrical, mechanical, optical, and surface properties. [1][2][3][4] In addition, with its superior fluorescence quenching and adsorption capacity, graphene has been increasingly used for making biosensors, [5][6][7][8] drug delivery vehicles, [9, 10] and imaging agents. [10,11] To disperse in an aqueous solution, graphene oxide (GO) with surface carboxyl and hydroxyl groups is often prepared.GO is also an excellent quencher for adsorbed fluorophores with quenching efficiency approaching 100%. [12][13][14] At the same time, GO selectively adsorbs non-structured and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), [15,16] which can subsequently desorb upon forming double-stranded (dsDNA) or well-folded structures. Based on these understandings, many optical sensors have been designed for the detection of metal ions, [12,17,18] small molecules, [11, 19, 20] [14, 21] [6, 13, 22-24] proteins, and nucleic acids. For example, adsorption of a fluorophorelabeled probe DNA resulted in quenched fluorescence. In the presence of its complementary DNA (cDNA), the fluorescence was recovered due to duplex formation and subsequent desorption. In this This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Huang, P.-J. J., & Liu, J. (2012 Submitted to -2 -process, the fluorophore-to-GO distance increased from zero to infinity to achieve the maximal fluorescence enhancement. In addition to GO, many other carbon based nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, [25][26][27][28][29] mesoporous carbon, [30] carbon nanoparticles [31,32] and water soluble nano-C60 [33] have also been tested for similar applications.On the other hand, little is known about DNA length-dependent fluorescence quenching within a few nanometers from the GO surface. Such information is important for rational design of covalently linked probes. Compared to physisorbed probes, covalent sensors are reversible, regenerable, less prone to non-specific probe displacement, and allow continuous monitoring under flow conditions. [34] In addition, studying distance-dependent fluorescence properties are crucial for the fundamental understanding of DNA/GO interaction and its quenching mechanism. Theoretical calculations predicted that quenching by graphene follows a d -4 dependency, where d is the fluorophore-to-graphene distance. [35,36] This is formally similar to the so-called nanosurface energy transfer (NSET) studied using gold nanoparticles as quencher. [37][38][39][40] Seo and co-workers recently measured the fluorescence intensity of Cy3.5 nearby GO separated by up to 18 base pairs (bp) of DNA, where immobilization was achieved via adsorption of a five-adenine overhang.[41]For a systematic study, we employed eight amino and 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) dual-labeled DNAs with varying FAM positions (see Figure 1D for the DNA sequences). TheDNAs were respectively reacted with GO in the presence of EDC to form covalent amide linkages ( Figure 1A, step 1), such that the FAM and GO were separated by...

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“…Graphene-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors [125] 7. Graphene-based optical biosensors [126] …”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomolecules and Pure Carbon Aggregates: An Application Towards “Green Electronics”

Srivastava¹

2018

Green Electronics

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Abstract"Green electronics" is a novel scientific term which aims to identify the compounds of natural origin (economically safe and biodegradable) and establish economically efficient route for production of synthetic materials. The purpose of green electronics is to create path for the production of human and environmental friendly electronics and the integration of electronics with living tissue in particular. These researches may help to fulfill not only the organic electronics to deliver low cost energy efficient materials and devices, but also achieve unimaginable functionalities for electronics. In this chapter we have considered the molecular electronic devices biomolecules: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and pure carbon aggregates: (carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/graphene), their properties and applications.

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A versatile graphene-based fluorescence “on/off” switch for multiplex detection of various targets

Cited by 224 publications

References 25 publications

Molecular Beacon Lighting up on Graphene Oxide

Molecular Beacon Lighting up on Graphene Oxide

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Biomolecules and Pure Carbon Aggregates: An Application Towards “Green Electronics”

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