A Viable Hydrogen Storage and Release System Based on Cesium Formate and Bicarbonate Salts: Mechanistic Insights into the Hydrogen Release Step

Hydrogen gas is a storable form of chemical energy that could complement intermittent renewable energy conversion. One of the main disadvantages of hydrogen gas arises from its low density, and therefore, efficient handling and storage methods are key factors that need to be addressed to realize a hydrogen-based economy. Storage systems based on liquids, in particular, formic acid and alcohols, are highly attractive hydrogen carriers as they can be made from CO or other renewable materials, they can be used in stationary power storage units such as hydrogen filling stations, and they can be used directly as transportation fuels. However, to bring about a paradigm change in our energy infrastructure, efficient catalytic processes that release the hydrogen from these molecules, as well as catalysts that regenerate these molecules from CO and hydrogen, are required. In this review, we describe the considerable progress that has been made in homogeneous catalysis for these critical reactions, namely, the hydrogenation of CO to formic acid and methanol and the reverse dehydrogenation reactions. The dehydrogenation of higher alcohols available from renewable feedstocks is also described. Key structural features of the catalysts are analyzed, as is the role of additives, which are required in many systems. Particular attention is paid to advances in sustainable catalytic processes, especially to additive-free processes and catalysts based on Earth-abundant metal ions. Mechanistic information is also presented, and it is hoped that this review not only provides an account of the state of the art in the field but also offers insights into how superior catalytic systems can be obtained in the future.

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Section: Formic Acid As a Hydrogen Storage Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Hydrogen Storage in Formic Acid and Alcohols

et al. 2017

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“…[6,34] Cesium salts were chosen due to their high aqueous solubilities [39]: CsHCO3 -209 g/100 g H2O (15°C), CsHCO2 -450 g/100 g H2O (20°C) and outstanding reactivities. [40][41] The catalyst was dissolved in the aqueous solutions of CsHCO3 or CsHCO2 and the reaction mixture was pumped through a tubular reactor held at a controlled temperature. The reactions could be conveniently followed in the 60-100°C temperature range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridium(I) NHC-phosphine complex-catalyzed hydrogen generation and storage in aqueous formate/bicarbonate solutions using a flow reactor - Effective response to changes in hydrogen demand

Horváth¹,

Papp

Kovács

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Slightly increased H 2 battery cycles (up to 5) were reported by Laurenczy et al in 2015 via the above-mentioned reactions catalyzed by the [RuCl 2 ( m TPPTS) 2 ] 2 / m TPPTS system ( m TPPTS: trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3′,3″-trisulfonate). 140 …”

Section: Development Of a Chemical Hydrogen Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Carbon Capture and Catalytic Hydrogenation: Toward a Chemical Hydrogen Battery System

Wei

Sang

Moazezbarabadi

et al. 2022

JACS Au

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Recent developments of CO 2 capture and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation to C1 products are discussed and evaluated in this Perspective. Such processes can become a crucial part of a more sustainable energy economy in the future. The individual steps of this catalytic carbon capture and usage (CCU) approach also provide the basis for chemical hydrogen batteries. Here, specifically the reversible CO 2 /formic acid (or bicarbonate/formate salts) system is presented, and the utilized catalysts are discussed.

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A Viable Hydrogen Storage and Release System Based on Cesium Formate and Bicarbonate Salts: Mechanistic Insights into the Hydrogen Release Step

Cited by 39 publications

References 53 publications

Homogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Hydrogen Storage in Formic Acid and Alcohols

Homogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Hydrogen Storage in Formic Acid and Alcohols

Iridium(I) NHC-phosphine complex-catalyzed hydrogen generation and storage in aqueous formate/bicarbonate solutions using a flow reactor - Effective response to changes in hydrogen demand

Homogeneous Carbon Capture and Catalytic Hydrogenation: Toward a Chemical Hydrogen Battery System

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